Voiced palatal fricative

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IPA – number	139
IPA – text	ʝ
IPA – image	Image:Xsampa-jslash2.png
Entity	ʝ
X-SAMPA	j\
Kirshenbaum	C<vcd>
Sound sample (help·info)

The voiced palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʝ (crossed-tail j), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j\.

The voiced palatal fricative is a very rare sound, occurring in only seven of the 317 languages surveyed by the origical UPSID database.^{[citation needed]} In only two of the languages (Komi, Margi) this sound occurs along with its voiceless counterpart.

Contents 1 Features 2 Occurrence 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography

[edit] Features

Features of the voiced palatal fricative:

• Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
• Its place of articulation is palatal which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate.
• Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

[edit] Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Greek[1]		γεια	[ʝa]	'hello'	See Modern Greek phonology
Kabyle		cceǥ	[ʃʃəʝ]	'to slip'
Spanish[2]		sayo	[saˈʝo̞]	'smock'	More often is an approximant. May also be represented by <ll> in certain dialects. See Spanish phonology
Swedish		jord	[ʝuːɖ] (help·info)	'soil'	See Swedish phonology

[edit] See also

• List of phonetics topics

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Ana Ma. Fernández-Planas & Josefina Carrera-Sabaté (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255-259
• Nicolaidis, Katerina (2003), "An electropalatographic study of palatals in Greek", written at Athens, in D. Theophanopoulou-Kontou, Current trends in Greek Linguistics (in Greek), Patakis, 108-127

Consonants (List, table)	See also: IPA, Vowels
Pulmonics Bilabial Lab'den. Dental Alveolar Postalv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn. Epiglottal Glottal Non-pulmonics and other symbols Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǁ ǃ ǂ Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Implo­­sives  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ Fricatives  ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Ejec­­tives  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ Approximants  ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Other laterals  ɺ ɫ Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Co-articulated approximants  ʍ w ɥ Flaps & Taps • ѵ ɾ ɽ • Co-articulated fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ Lat. Fricatives ɬ ɮ • • • Affricates  t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ Lat. Appr'mants l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible.

bn:ঘোষ তালব্য ঊষ্মধ্বনি

br:Kensonenn staon dre daravat mouezhiet de:Stimmhafter palataler Frikativ fr:Consonne fricative palatale voisée ko:유성 경구개 마찰음 ja:有声硬口蓋摩擦音 pl:Spółgłoska szczelinowa podniebienna dźwięczna sv:Tonande palatal frikativa