Transcaucasian SFSR
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The Transcaucasian Soviet Federative (or Federated) Socialist Republic (abbreviated:Transcaucasian SFSR) (Russian: Закавказская Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, ЗСФСР), was a short-lived (1922–1936) Soviet republic, consisting of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, which were traditionally known as the Transcaucasian Republics in the Soviet Union. The capital of the Republic was Tbilisi.
The republic's roots date back to the dissolution of the Russian Empire in 1917, during the Russian Revolution, when the provinces of the Caucasus seceded and attempted to form their own federal state called the Transcaucasian Federation. Competing national interests and war with Turkey led to the disbanding of the republic half a year later, in April 1918.
In the following years, the three constituent territories went through the civil war with heavy involvement of the Red Army, and emerged as Soviet Republics. In March 1922, the area was reunited as a union of Soviet republics. It was reorganized as a single republic in December of that year. In 1936, the republic was dissolved and the three regions became the Georgian, Armenian and Azerbaijan SSR respectively.
[edit] Stamps and postal history
Before 1923, each of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan issued its own postage stamps. The Federation began issuing its own stamps on September 15, 1923, and superseded the separate republics' issues on October 1. The first issues consisted of some of the stamps of Russia and Armenia overprinted with a star containing the five-letter acronym of the federation inside the points. Massive inflation having set in, this was followed by an issue of the Federation's own designs, four values of a view of oil fields, and four with a montage of Soviet symbols over mountains and oil derricks, values ranging from 40,000 to 500,000 rubles. The 40,000r and 75,000r were then surcharged to 700,000 rubles. On October 24, the stamps were re-issued with values from 1 to 18 gold kopecks. Starting in 1924, the Federation used stamps of the Soviet Union.
Most of the stamps of the Federation are not especially rare today, with 1998 prices in the US$1-2 range, although the overprints on Armenian stamps range up to US$200. As might be expected from a short period of usage, used stamps are less common than unused, and covers are not often seen.
[edit] Heads of State
| Chairs of the Union Council | Date | Party |
|---|---|---|
| Nariman Narimanov | Mar-Dec 1922 | Communist Party of Azerbaijan |
| Polikarp Mdivani | Mar-Dec 1922 | Communist Party of Georgia |
| Aleksandr Myasnikyan | Mar-Dec 1922 | Communist Party of Armenia |
| Chairs of the Central Executive Committee | Period | For |
|---|---|---|
| Mikhail Tskhakaya (1x) | 1922-1927 | Georgia |
| Samad aga Aliyev | 1922-1929 | Azerbaijan |
| Sarkis Ambartsumyan | 1922-1925 | Armenia |
| Sarkis Kasyan | 1927-1931 | Armenia |
| Filipp Makharadze (1x) | 1927-1928 | Georgia |
| Mikhail Tskhakaya (2x) | 1928-1931 | Georgia |
| Gazanfar Musabekov | 1929-1931 | Azerbaijan |
| Filipp Makharadze (2x) | 1931-1935 | Georgia |
| Armenek Ananjan | 1931-1935 | Armenia |
| Sultan Majid Afandiyev | 1931-1936 | Azerbaijan |
| Sergo Martikiyan | 1935-1936 | Armenia |
| Aveli Enukidze | Mar-May 1935 | Georgia |
| Filipp Makharadze (3x) | 1935-1936 | Georgia |
[edit] See also
Republics of the Soviet Union | ||
|---|---|---|
| Eastern Europe | Image:Flag of Byelorussian SSR.svg Byelorussian SSR · Image:Flag of Moldavian SSR.svg Moldavian SSR · Image:Flag of Russian SFSR.svg Russian SFSR · Image:Flag of Ukrainian SSR.svg Ukrainian SSR | Image:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union.svg |
| Central Asia | Image:Flag of Kazakh SSR.svg Kazakh SSR · Image:Flag of Kyrgyz SSR.svg Kirgiz SSR · Image:Flag of Tajik SSR.svg Tajik SSR · Image:Flag of Turkmen SSR.svg Turkmen SSR · Image:Flag of Uzbek SSR.svg Uzbek SSR | |
| Transcaucasia | Image:Flag of Armenian SSR.svg Armenian SSR · Image:Flag of Azerbaijan SSR.svg Azerbaijan SSR · Image:Flag of Georgian SSR.svg Georgian SSR | |
| The Baltics | Image:Flag of Estonian SSR.svg Estonian SSR · Image:Flag of Latvian SSR.svg Latvian SSR · Image:Flag of Lithuanian SSR.svg Lithuanian SSR | |
| Short-lived Soviet Republics | Image:Flag of Abkhazian SSR.svg Abkhazian SSR (1921-1931) · Image:Flag of Transcaucasian SFSR.svg Transcaucasian SFSR (1922-1936) · Image:Flag of the Karelo-Finnish SSR.svg Karelo-Finnish SSR (1940-1956) | |
br:RSKS Treuzkaokazek bg:Закавказка Съветска Федеративна Социалистическа Република cs:Zakavkazská sovětská federativní socialistická republika de:Transkaukasische SFSR et:Taga-Kaukaasia SFNV es:República Federativa Socialista Soviética de Transcaucasia eo:Transkaŭkaza soveta federacia socialisma respubliko gl:República Socialista Soviética Federativa Transcaucásica ko:자카프카스 소비에트 연방 사회주의 공화국 it:RSSF Transcaucasica he:הרפובליקה הסוציאל-פדרטיבית הסובייטית של עבר הקווקז ka:ამიერკავკასიის სფსრ la:Foederatio Transcaucasica lt:Užkaukazės TFSR nl:Trans-Kaukasische Socialistische Federatieve Sovjetrepubliek ja:ザカフカース・ソビエト連邦社会主義共和国 no:Transkaukasiske SFSR pl:Zakaukaska Federacyjna Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka pt:República Socialista Federada Soviética Transcaucasiana ro:Republica Sovietică Federală Socialistă Transcaucaziană ru:Закавказская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика fi:Transkaukasian sosialistinen federatiivinen neuvostotasavalta sv:Transkaukasiska SFSR zh:外高加索苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国
