Timeline of Colombian history

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This is a timeline of Colombian history. To read about the background to these events, see History of Colombia.

This timeline is incomplete; some important events may be missing. Please help add to it.

12th - 13th - 14th - 15th - 16th - 17th - 18th - 19th - 20th - 21st

[edit] 150th to 50th century BCE

Year Date Event Image
15000 BCE El Abra Fúquene Stadial Image:RocaAbra.jpg
12500 BCE Guantiva interstadial Image:Canto tallado en mano.jpg
11400 BCE Tibitó stadial Image:Ateriense raspador.png
11000 BCE El Abra-Tequendama stadial Image:Néolithique 0008.jpg
10000 BCE El Abra-Holocene stadial Image:Sagaie base fendue.jpg
5500 BCE Muisca formative stage Image:Compresores y retocadores.jpg
5000 BCE Aguazuque period Image:Talla lítica.png

[edit] 49th to 10th century BCE

Year Date Event Image
1300 BCE Chimitá petroglyphs in Santander Department Image:Rupestres.jpg
1270 BCE Zipacón pottery Image:Wolpertswende Schreckensee Gusstiegel.jpg

[edit] 9th to 1th century BCE

Year Date Event Image
800 BCE Ciudad Perdida settlement Image:Ciudadperdida.png
700 BCE Cave paintings near Inirida river, Vichada department Image:Iniridarupestre.jpg
700 BCE Quimbaya civilization formative stage Image:Quimbayapottery.jpg
300 BCE Malagana period Image:Antropomorphicpoporo.jpg
300 BCE Guayabero Cave paintings in Guaviare Image:Rupestreguaviare.jpg
200 BCE San Agustín culture Image:San Agustin parque arqueologic.jpg
100 BCE Tairona culture Image:Taironapendants metropolitan 2006.jpg

[edit] 1th to 5th century CE

Year Date Event Image
100 Early Sinú culture Image:Atardecersinuano.JPG
600 Classic Quimbaya civilization. Poporo Quimbaya Image:Poporoquimbaya2.jpg

[edit] 5th to 10th century CE

Year Date Event Image
600 Tierradentro culture Image:Tierradentro.jpg
700 Late Sinú culture Image:Ethnologisches Museum Dahlem Berlin Mai 2006 001.jpg

[edit] 11th century CE

Year Date Event Image
1000 Classic Muisca period. Muisca raft Image:Muisca raft Legend of El Dorado Offerings of gold.jpg

[edit] 12th century

[edit] 13th century

[edit] 14th century

[edit] 15th century

Year Date Event Image
1450-1470 Meicuchuca is Zipa of Bacatá Image:Villa de Leyva el infiernito.jpg
1470-1490 Saguamanchica is Zipa of Bacatá
until 1490 Michuá is Zaque of Hunza Image:ParqueArqueológicoSogamoso.JPG
1490-1514 Nemequene is Zipa of Bacatá
1490-1537 Quemuenchatocha is Zaque of Hunza
1498 Spanish explorer Juan de la Cosa landed on what is today called Cabo de la Vela (Cape of the Candle) in the Guajira Peninsula Image:Juan-de-la-cosa.jpg

[edit] 16th century

Year Date Event Image
1500 Rodrigo de Bastidas discovers the Colombian Caribbean littoral. Image:Bastidas.jpg
1502 May 2 Alonso de Ojeda arrives to Bahía Honda and founded the village of Santa Cruz, first city in Colombia. Image:AlonsoDeOjeda.jpg
1508 Diego de Enciso and Vasco Nuñez de Balboa founded the village of Santa María la Antigua del Darién, initially called The Antigua. Image:Vasconúñezdebalboa.jpeg
1509 Ojeda founded the village of San Sebastián de Urabá.
1509 Indigenous princess India Catalina is abducted by Spanish conqueror Diego de Nicuesa from a Calamari indigenous settlement Image:India01.jpg
1510 Spanish conquerors discover San Andres y Providencia islands Image:Sanandrescolombiamaptowns.png
1513 September 25 Balboa discovers the Pacific Ocean. Image:Ortelius - Maris Pacifici 1589.jpg
1514 April 12 The Pedrarias Dávila Expedition began. Image:Pedrarias.jpg
1514-1537 Tisquesusa is Zipa of Bacatá
1518 December 2 Vasco Nuñez de Balboa is executed by orders of Pedrarias Dávila. Image:Anayansi03.jpg
1525 July 29 Rodrigo de Bastidas founded the village of Santa Marta. Image:Rodaderosantamarta.jpg
1530 May 3 Foundation of Mompox by Alonso de Heredia Image:Santa Barbara en Santa Cruz.jpg
1533 January 20 Pedro de Heredia founded the village of Cartagena de Indias. Image:Sunset-cartagena-tower-dewired.jpg
1536 July 25 Sebastián de Belalcázar founded the village of Santiago de Cali. Image:Belalcazar-statue-cali.jpg
1537 Foundation of St. Juan de Pasto by Lorenzo de Aldana Image:San Juan de Pasto de noche.jpg
1537 July 25 Francisco César discovers the territory of Antioquia. Image:Republic of Colombia - Antioquia.png
1537-1541 Aquiminzaque is Zaque of Hunza
August 15 Sebastián de Belalcázar founded the village of Asunción de Popayán, the first catholic mass. Image:Popayan.jpg
1538 August 6 Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada founded the village of Santa fe de Bogotá. *some historians argue that the date of foundation was on April 27, 1539. Image:Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada.jpg
1539 Cacica Gaitana indigenous leader starts the Paezan revolt against the Spanish conquest Image:MonumentoGaitana.jpg
1539 August 6 Gonzalo Suárez Rendón founded the village of Hunza. Image:Tunja04.jpg
1539 Foundation of Neiva by Juan de Cabrera Image:MunsHuila Neiva.png
1539 Foundation of Honda, Tolima by Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada Image:Honda1a.jpg
1540 July 27 King Carlos V appointed Santa Fe de Bogotá the title of city. Image:Emperor charles v.png
1545 Foundation of Riohacha by Nikolaus Federmann Image:Plaza Almirante Padilla.JPG
1541 August 24 Jerónimo Luis Tejelo discovers the Aburrá Valley. Image:ValleyofAburra.jpg
1549 July 17 Emperor Carlos V, created the Real Audiencia de Santafé, subdivided into districts including the "las provincias del Nuevo Reino, Santa Marta, Río de San Juan, Popayán, bordering with Quito, Guayana o Dorado and Cartagena de Indias. Pamplona was founded. Image:Pamplona Colombia.jpg
1550 January 6 Hernando de Santana founded the village of Valle de Upar. Image:Centrovalledupar.jpg
1550 Foundation of Ibagué by Andres Lopez de Galarza Image:Alcaldia de ibague.jpg
1556 April 7 The Real Audiencia de Santafé is officially installed. Image:Map New Kingdom of Granada.jpg
1572 Foundation of Villa de Leyva by Hernan Suarez de Villalobos Image:VillaDeLeyva-bynight.jpg

[edit] 17th century

Year Date Event
1610 February 5 the Catholic Monarchs established from Spain the Spanish Inquisition Holy Office Court in Cartagena de Indias Image:Goya Tribunal.jpg
1629 Foundation of Barranca de San Nicolas (Later Barranquilla ) by Galapa indigenous people Image:Barranquilla, Colombia - Vista desde el Museo Romantico.JPG
1631 Foundation of Girón, Santander by Francisco Mantilla de los Rios Image:MunsSantander-giron.png
1650 Approximated date of painting of the Sopo Archangels Image:Baraquel.jpg
1675 Foundation of Medellín by Francisco Herrera Campuzano Image:HPIM0506.JPG

[edit] 18th century

Year Date Event Image
1711 August 6 Death of painter Gregorio Vasquez de Arce y Ceballos Image:Gregoriovasq.jpg
1717 The Viceroyalty of New Granada is originally created, and then it was temporarily removed, to finally be reestablished in 1739 Image:Bogota (escudo).svg
1719 June 13 Antonio Ignacio de la Pedrosa y Guerrero is Viceroy of New Granada
1724 May 11 Jorge de Villalonga is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Jorge de Villalonga.jpg
1740 April 24 Sebastián de Eslava is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Sebastián de Eslava.jpg
1740 Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada)
1749 September 24 José Alfonso Pizarro is Viceroy of New Granada Image:José Alfonso Pizarro.jpg
1753 November 24 José Solís Folch de Cardona is Viceroy of New Granada Image:José Solís.jpg
1756 The viceroyalty of New Granada is allowed to fabricate its own coins. The House of Coins “Casa de la Moneda” is built Image:Casadelamoneda008.JPG
1761 Pedro Messía de la Cerda is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Pedro Messía de la Cerda2.jpg
1772 Manuel de Guirior is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Manuel de Guirior.gif
1773 Foundation of San Jose de Cúcuta by Juana Rangel de Cuellar Image:Cúcuta (Skyline).jpg
1776 November 26 Manuel Antonio Flores is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Manuelantonioflores.jpg
1780 Manuela Beltrán organized a peasant revolt against excess taxation Image:Manuelabeltran.jpg
1782 April 1 Juan de Torrezar Díaz Pimienta is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Juan de Torrezar Díaz Pimienta.jpg
1782 Antonio Caballero y Góngora is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Antonio Caballero y Góngora.jpg
1783 José Celestino Mutis leads the Botany expedition Image:José Celestino Mutis.jpg
1786 Death of indigenous leader Cacique Calarcá in combats against the Spanish forces in Peñasblancas Image:Penasblancasquindio.jpg
1788 Francisco Gil de Taboada y Lemos is Viceroy of New Granada Image:Francisco Gil de Taboada y Lemos.jpg
1789 José Manuel de Ezpeleta is Viceroy of New Granada Image:José Manuel de Ezpeleta.jpg
1797 January 2 Pedro Mendinueta y Múzquiz is Viceroy of New Granada

[edit] 19th century

Year Date Event Image
1803 San Andres y Providencia islands are annexed to the Viceroyalty of New Granada Image:Sanandrescolombia.png
1810 20 July Cry of Independence, also known as the Florero de Llorente (Llorente Flower Vase) incident (Colombian Independence Day)
1811 November 11 Cartagena de Indias declared its complete independence from Spain Image:Cartagena - Fortaleza San Felipe de Barajas - 20050430bis.jpg
1816 Execution of Francisco José de Caldas
1817 November 14 Execution of Policarpa Salavarrieta Image:Policarpa Salabarrieta.jpg
1818 September 25 Doña Manuela Sáenz de Thorne saves Simon Bolivar from an intempt of assassination Image:Manuela Sáenz.jpg
1819 February 5 The Congress of Angostura Image:Ciudadbolivar.jpg
1819 July 25 Vargas Swamp Battle Image:Monumento pantano de vargas, completo. 2006.JPG
1819 August 7 Battle of Boyacá. Image:Battle-of-Boyaca.jpg
1819 October 11 For order of Francisco de Paula Santander, Spanish colonel Jose Maria Barreiro and 38 Spanish officers were executed in Bogotá. Image:General Santander.jpg
1828 August 27 After the failure of the constitutional convention of Ocaña Simón Bolívar proclaimed himself dictator, through the "Organic Decree of Dictatorship". Image:Simon Bolivar.jpg
1830 December 17 Simon Bolívar dies in Quinta de San Pedro Alejandrino near Santa Marta Image:AnfiteatroQuinta.JPG
1830 The Federation of Gran Colombia is dissolved Image:Gran Colombia map.jpg
1835 Start the Colombian coffee industry with the first commercial crops in Norte de Santander Image:Coffee Flowers.JPG
1839 The War of the Supremes (Spanish: Guerra de los Supremos, also called the Guerra de los Conventos) extended from 1839 to 1841, caused by the ambitions of various regional leaders (gamonales) to seize power and depose President José Ignacio de Márquez Image:José Ignacio de Márquez.jpg
1840 Foundation of Villavicencio by Esteban Aguirre Image:MunsMeta Villavicencio.png
1849 Foundation of Manizales by Antioquian colonists Image:Manizales view.jpg
1856 June 11 Creation of the Sovereign State of Antioquía
1857 June 15 The Law of June 15, 1857, created the other states that would go on to form the Granadine Confederation: The Sovereign State of Bolívar, The Sovereign State of Santander, The Sovereign State of Cauca, and The Sovereign State of Magdalena Image:Mapa Colombia 1890.jpg
1858 The Granadine Confederation is created. Image:Coa Reublica de Nueva Granada.gif
1861 Mariano Ospina Rodríguez is president of the Granadine Confederation Image:Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.jpg
1863 Foundation of Pereira, Colombia by Remigio Antonio Cañarte Image:Viaducto g.jpg
1863 The name of the Republic is changed officially to "United States of Colombia" through the Rionegro Constitution
1867 Foundation of Leticia, Colombia by Benigno Bustamante Image:MunsAmazonas Leticia.png
1868 The country adopts its present name: "Republic of Colombia".
1886 President Rafael Núñez (politician) create the Colombian Constitution of 1886, which has been one of the longest lasting constitutions in the western hemisphere, and with the Reforms of 1910, 1936, 1958, 1968, 1973 and 1986 was the constitution of Colombia until 1991
1886 April 1 on March 30, 1886, president Núñez presented his resignation to Congress due to his poor health condition caused by dysentery. José María Campo Serrano is sworn in as Acting President of Colombia Image:José María Campo Serrano.jpg
1889 October 14 Foundation of Villa Holguin (Later Armenia, Colombia ) by Jesus Maria Ocampo Image:Armeniamirador.JPG
1889 October 17 The Thousand Days War (1899-1902) (Spanish: Guerra de los Mil Días) Image:Mildiaswar.png

[edit] 20th century

Year Date Event Image
1902 October 24 The peace treaty that ends the thousand days war is signed on the Neerlandia plantation
1903 Panama remained as a province of Colombia until this year, when – with backing from the United States in exchange for allowing the US to build the Panama Canal – it became independent (Separation of Panama from Colombia) Image:President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg
1904 August 7 Rafael Reyes is president of Colombia
1904 August 7 Carlos Eugenio Restrepo is president of Colombia Image:Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo.jpg
1910 Coiombian astronomer Julio Garavito Armero discovers the crater on the Moon's far side which is named after him (Garavito crater). Image:Juliogaravito.jpg
1914 August 7 José Vicente Concha is president of Colombia
1918 Marco Fidel Suarez is president of Colombia
1926 Miguel Abadia Mendez is president of Colombia
1927 The Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia is created Image:Cafe201-red big.gif
1928 December 6 The Banana massacre, in Spanish, Matanza de las bananeras or Masacre de las bananeras: A massacre of workers for the United Fruit Company that occurred in the town of Ciénaga near Santa Marta Image:Workerbananamassacred.png
1930 Enrique Olaya Herrera is president of Colombia Image:Enriqueolayaherrera1.png
1932 September 1 The Colombia-Peru War Image:Guerra peru1 1932 d.jpg
1934 Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo is president of Colombia
1938 Eduardo Santos Montejo is president of Colombia
1942 Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo is president of Colombia for a second time
1945 Alberto Lleras Camargo is president of Colombia Image:Lleralbe.jpg
1946 Mariano Ospina Perez is president of Colombia Image:Marianoospinaperez1.png
1948 April 9 Murder of politician Jorge Eliécer Gaitán. Bogotazo riots. Starts the bipartisan violence ("La Violencia") Image:Gaitan.jpg
1950 Laureano Gomez Castro is president of Colombia
1953 June 13 Gustavo Rojas Pinilla seized power by means of a coup d'état Image:Rojas Pinilla en el Capitolio frente al Mural de Santiago Martinez delgado.jpg
1954 Rojas Pinilla introduced the Television in Colombia Image:Inravision.jpg
1955 Rojas Pinilla ordered a military offensive against rearmed peasants triggering a confrontation known as the "Guerra de Villarrica" (War of Villarrica) which took place in the central town of Villarrica in Tolima Department. The peasants then considered self-defense groups organized into a guerrilla and called themselves the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).
1956 June 24 the Liberal Party headed by Alberto Lleras Camargo and the Conservative Party headed by Laureano Gómez signed an accord on June 24, 1956 to begin the National Front (Colombia).
1960 Creation of the first Natural protected area in Colombia, the Cueva de los Guacharos National park Image:PreservedOilbird.JPG
1962 Guillermo Leon Valencia is president of Colombia
1962 July 25 Luz Marina Zuluaga wins Miss Universe beauty contest Image:Historyluzmarinazuluaga.jpg
1964 May Marquetalia Republic is overrun by the Colombian army (during what was termed "Operation Marquetalia")
1965 January 7 The National Liberation Army (Colombia) (ELN) guerrilla is created Image:Elnlogo.PNG
1966 Carlos Lleras Restrepo is president of Colombia
1970 Misael Pastrana Borrero is president of Colombia Image:Pastrana frente al Mural por Santiago Martinez Delgado.jpg
1974 Alfonso Lopez Michelsen is president of Colombia Image:Lopez Michelson 1977.jpg
1978 Julio Cesar Turbay Ayala is president of Colombia
1980 February 27 Dominican embassy siege Image:Coat of arms of the Dominican Republic.svg
1980 June Serial killer Pedro López a.k.a Monster of the Andes confessed to over 300 murders Image:Gunshot skull civil war.jpg
1981 Homosexuality in Colombia is declared legal by the national government Image:Lgbtbogota.jpg
1982 Belisario Betancur is elected president of Colombia
1982 Paramilitary group “Muerte a Secuestradores” (MAS) is formed Image:Traqueticopabloescobar.png
1982 Antioquian entrepreneur Felix Correa and his bank FURATENA get convicted for financial fraud causing a collapse in the national financial system
1982 October Gabriel Garcia Marquez win the Nobel Prize in literature Image:Gabogarciamarquez1.png
1982 Colombia resigns as host for 1986 Soccer World Cup due to scarcity of public resources Image:Fifa world cup org.jpg
1983 March 31 Popayan is partially destroyed by an earthquake during the traditional celebrations of Holy week Image:Torre-del-Reloj Popayan.jpg
1983 Pablo Escobar attends colombian congress sessions as backup of congressman Jairo Ortega Image:Pabloflyer1.png
1983 President Betancur announces Colombia has signed in the Non-Aligned Movement Image:Map Non-Aligned Movement.png
1983 Businessman Roberto Soto steals 13.5 million dollars from the national budget with the help of a teleprinter machine Image:Asr33.jpg
1983 General Prosecutor Carlos Jimenez declares that MAS group have underground relations of support with the National Army
1983 Guerrilla leader Manuel Marulanda announces to the press that the FARC guerrilla has grown to 28 main divisions, causing international concern
1983 1983 Guerrilla leader Jaime Bateman Cayon a.k.a. “El Flaco” dies in a plane crash near the Gulf of Urabá while traveling from Santa Marta to Panama Image:Ancon Hill in Panama 01.jpg
1983 Jumbo 747 airplane of Avianca airllines, in flight from Bogotá, crashes in Mejorana del campo, near Barajas airport in Madrid, Spain. 189 passengers die, including Art critic Marta Traba Image:Barajas overview1.jpg
1984 Minister of Justice Rodrigo Lara Bonilla is shot to death by teenager hitmen hired by the Medellín Cartel. One of the hitmen, Byron de Jesus Velasquez, is captured
1984 President Betancur achieves a ceasefire with 80% of guerrilla forces in the country, which is transformed in the political movement Patriotic Union (Colombia) UP (eventually this movement would be destroyed and 3000 of their leaders killed)
1984 Dissident guerrilla 19th of April Movement (M-19) attacks Florencia, Caquetá. Over 100 civilians dead Image:M19.svg
1985 The Gorgona Island prison is dissolved and the island is declared National park Image:Lagartoazul.jpg
1985 May 23 Guerrilla leader Antonio Navarro is victim of a bomb that nearly killed him, and loses one leg
1985 July Colombian cyclist Luis Herrera win Tour de France
1985 September 16 Ceroxylon quindiuense is declared as the National tree by the national government Image:Ceroxylon quindiuense.jpg
1985 November 6 M19 guerrilla attacks the supreme court in the Palace of Justice siege. The president of the Supreme Court of Colombia and many magistrates, employees and bystanders get killed. Over 100 fatal victims and undetermined number of missing persons. The army is accused of forced disappearance of civilians Image:PalacioDeJusticia2004-7-9Bogota.jpg
1985 November 13 In the worst natural disaster in the history of Colombia, Armero city in tolima department is destroyed due to a flood created by the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz volcano (Armero tragedy). Over 20.000 dead. Countless homes destroyed. Image:Armerodisaster.png
1986 Virgilio Barco is elected president of Colombia
1986 El Espectador newspaper director, Guillermo Cano is shot to death by hitmen Image:Elespectadorlogo.png
1986 Guerrilla leader Javier Delgado kills 150 fellow guerrilleros of the Ricardo Franco Group, in the Tacueyó massacre, because he suspected them to be infiltrated
1986 December 4 Campo Elías Delgado Morales, a Vietnam War veteran kills 28 persons (including his mother) and leaves 15 injured, in the Pozzetto restaurant massacre, presumably due to mental illness. The events are depicted in the 2006 movie Satanás (film) Image:Mossberg 500 2 barrels.png
1986 July 3 Pope John Paul II visits Bogotá and the remains of Armero tragedy Image:PopeJohnPaulIIStatueAlmudena gobeirne.jpg
1986 August 9 Miguel "Happy" Lora wins the world boxing championship in the bantamweight division Image:OlympicsBoxing.ws.jpg
1987 February 4 Drug dealer Carlos Lehder is captured in a farm near Medellín at 6:20a.m. The same day at 5:20 p.m he is extradited and sent in a DEA turbocommander airplane to USA Image:Carloslehdertakingthatshit.png
1987 October 11 UP leaders Jaime Pardo Leal and Hector Abad are killed in La Mesa, Cundinamarca Image:MunsCundinamarca La Mesa.png
1987 Guerrilla groups attack a military convoy in Caqueta breaking the 1984 truce. 42 soldiers dead and 27 injured
1987 Colombian Navy ship ARC Caldas sails in waters of Atlantic ocean in dispute with Venezuela creating a serious diplomatic incident
1987 Matador Pepe Cáceres gets killed by a bull in a bullfighting event in Sogamoso Image:Torero.jpg
1987 Luis Herrera wins Vuelta a España bycicle race Image:Tony Rominger.jpg
1988 Paramillitary groups commit massacres in Saiza, Mejor Esquina and Segovia, Antioquia Image:MunsAntioquia Segovia.png
1988 March 21 Colombian Painter Dario Morales dies in Paris
1988 General Prosecutor Carlos Mauro Hoyos is killed by hitmen
1988 The first election of city majors for popular vote
1988 June Serial killer Daniel Barbosa a.k.a the Beast Of The Andes confessed 72 murders Image:SkullFromTheFront.JPG
1988 Politicians Álvaro Gómez Hurtado and Andres Pastrana are kidnapped by narcotrafficking related groups
1988 collapse of Stock market due to incarceration of financial managers Juan Ricardo Escobar and Guillermo Uribe Holguin
1988 Massacre of Trujillo, 107 victims. On December 19, 2006 Henry Loaiza-Ceballos was accused by Colombian authorities of being responsible for the massacre Image:Henryloaiza.png
1988 First Iberoamerican Theater Festival in Bogotá. 100.000 people attend to the closing act in Plaza de Bolívar Image:Theaterfestival.gif
1988 August 18 Luis Carlos Galán, Politician and candidate to presidency is killed by hitmen in Soacha during a public speech Image:GALANPOSTER.png
1989 November 27 Avianca Flight 203 airplane HK1803 explodes in the air with 107 people on board, few minutes after leaving El Dorado Airport as a result of a bomb planted by the Medellín Cartel. No survivors
1989 December 6 7:30 a.m. The Security Administration Department building (Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad DAS) and an important part of the commercial area of Paloquemao district in Bogotá are destroyed by a bomb, in what is considered the worst terrorist attack in Colombian history Image:DASbomb.jpg
1989 Drug dealer Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha is killed in a military operation Image:Rodriguezgacha.png
1989 First reports of the presence of Coffee borer beetle in Colombian coffee crops Image:Broca.png
1990 M19 Guerrilla leader Carlos Pizarro Leongomez is killed in combats with the army
1990 March 22 UP leader politician Bernardo Jaramillo Ossa is killed by hitmen
1990 Cesar Gaviria is elected President of Colombia Image:Gaviriaoas.png
1990 El Tiempo newspaper director Francisco Santos is kidnapped Image:Franciscosantoscalderon.png
1990 20 embera indigenous people are killed in the Caloto, Cauca massacre due to land ownership disagreements with local landlords Image:MunsCauca Caloto.png
1991 January Journalist Diana Turbay is killed while kept kidnapped in a farm near Sabaneta Image:Dianaturbay.JPG
1991 January Drug dealers Fabio, Juan David and Jorge Luis Ochoa Vázquez (The Ochoa brothers) and Pablo Escobar surrender themselves to the authorities Image:Jorgeochoavasquez.png
1991 February 17 Opening of the national assembly for reform to the 1886 national constitution (Constituent Assembly of Colombia)
1991 Rafael Pardo is the first civilian to be designated as minister of defense
1991 Minister of economy Rudolph Hommes announced the new aperture politic for international trade inspirited in the Russian perestroika and the creation of the National bank for international trade Bancomex
1991 Starts the first concessions for mobile telephony Image:Several mobile phones.png
1992 The Attorney General of Colombia office is created, with Gustavo de Greiff designated as the first general attorney Image:Logofiscaliacolombia.png
1992 Noemi Sanin is the new minister of foreign affairs. She is the first women to be designed as a minister in Colombia Image:Noemisanin.JPG
1992 The collapse of the national electricity generation system causes massive power blackouts all over the country with an average of 18 hours/day without electricity from March 1992 to April 1993
1992 July 20 Pablo Escobar escapes from the Cathedral Prison Image:Pescobar.png
1992 Fernando Botero presents a collection of 31 sculptures in an outdoors exhibition in the Champs-Élysées in Paris Image:Botero head.jpg
1992 November 15 Villatina Massacre Image:Parque del Periodista.JPG
1993 Massive celebration of the winning of Colombian soccer team in a play against argentinian team in Buenos Aires with final score 5-0. Riots all over the country. Image:Buenos Aires -Argentina- 136.jpg
1993 The national government achieves commercial treaties with Venezuela, Mexico and Ecuador Image:Ecuador COA.svg
1993 Maria Checa is the first Colombian woman to be pictured in the Playboy magazine Image:Green Playboy Bunny.jpg
1993 November Bomb explodes on 15th Avenue of Bogotá, near the intersection with 93rd Street (in front of Centro 93 mall). 10 people die, over 100 injured Image:Car bomb in Iraq.jpg
1993 December 2 Pablo Escobar dies in combats with the police Image:Pabloisdead.png
1994 February 11 CONVIVIR (Spanish for to coexist) program of cooperative neighbourhood watch groups is created by a decree of Colombia's Ministry of Defense
1994 Ernesto Samper is elected president of Colombia
1994 8000 Process scandal of Cali cartel narcotrafficking money investment in the Samper electoral campaign starts with the public broadcasting of tapes from telephonic conversations among Minister Alberto Giraldo and drug dealers Gilberto and Miguel Rodríguez Orejuela Image:Traqueticomiguelrodriguez.png
1994 Former president Cesar Gaviria is designated as OEA general secretary
1994 A team of 10 people steals 24.075.000.000 pesos from the Republic Bank in Valledupar in the biggest bank robbery in the Colombian history Image:BqBcoRepublica.jpg
1994 July 2 Due to the poor performance of the national soccer team in the USA soccer worldcup, an angry soccer afficionated shoot to death soccer player Andres Escobar
1994 Paez river flood in Cauca department kills hundreds of people and destroys villages in a length of 40 kms Image:MunsCauca Paez.png
1995 January Plane crash in Marialabaja, Bolívar Department. 52 dead, only survivor 9years old girl Erika Delgado Image:Plane crash.jpg
1995 February Luciano Pavarotti gives a concert in Bogotá Image:Luciano Pavarotti 15.06.02 cropped.jpg
1995 June 9 Drug dealers Miguel and Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela (The Rodriguez Brothers) are captured in a police operation
1995 76 years old conservative politician Álvaro Gómez Hurtado is murdered by hitmen Image:M1911A1 1.JPG
1995 Start operations of Metro de Medellín Image:HPIM0499.JPG
1995 December Plane crash near Cali airport. American Airlines plane with 152 occupants. 9 survivors Image:American Airlines logo.svg
1996 Antioquia governor Alvaro Uribe orders the capture of the German citizens Werner and Michela Mauss, suspected of being FARC collaborators
1996 March of protest of 90.000 cocaleros (coca leaf illegal farmers) from Guaviare Department and Putumayo Department ended with 12 cocaleros dead. Army soldiers accused of brutality Image:Guaviare-escudo.jpg
1996 June 26 La Gabarra Massacre Image:MunsNorteSantander-tibu.png
1996 Guerrilla attack to the military base “Las Delicias” in Putumayo. 29 soldiers dead, 20 injured, 60 kidnapped Image:MunsPutumayo Puerto Asis.png
1996 November Aterciopelados band ranks number 1 in the MTV network, becoming the most successful Colombian rock band Image:Andreaecheverriaterciopelados.png
1997 April 15 Drug dealer Phanor Arizabaleta-Arzayus, member of the Cali Cartel is captured at a road checkpoint Image:Carteldecaliposter.png
1997 April Salvatore Mancuso and Carlos Castaño conformed what they called the "Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia" (AUC) United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia Image:United self-defense forces of Colombia logo.png
1997 “Miti-Miti” corruption scandal, involving Ministrer of communications Saulo Arboleda and minister of mining and energy Rodrigo Villamizar accused of obtaining illegal profit of 100 fm radio concessions
1997 July 15 Mapiripán Massacre Image:MunsMeta Mapiripan.png
1997 September Carlos Castaño in a press interview admits responsibility for the Mapiripán Massacre. AUC is listed by the US Department of State as a Foreign Terrorist Organization. Image:US-DeptOfState-Seal.jpg
1998 Andres Pastrana is elected as president of Colombia Image:Andrespastranaarango.png
1998 Gloria Zea, director of the national Modern Art Musseum organizes one of the largest art exhibits in Colombia “Arte y Violencia en Colombia” as a commemoration of 50th anniversary of the start of the bipartisan violence La Violencia Image:Obregonviolencia.jpg
1998 Fernando Botero donates 100 of his works and 60 pieces of his private art collection (XIX and XX centuries) to the Antioquia Museum Image:Museodeantioquia.jpg
1999 January 19 The 1999 Armenia earthquake devastates Armenia, Colombia. Over 2000 dead, 3000 missing persons and a quarter million people homeless Image:Armenia1999earthq.JPG
1999 April 14 ELN guerrilla kidnap Fokker airplane with 41 occupants in Bolívar department Image:Republic of Colombia - Bolivar.png
1999 April 22 Serial killer Luis Garavito is found guilty of the murder of 138 boys. (The total number of victims according with garavito confessions off-record is estimated up to 300 boys and an undetermined number of adults) Image:Garavito.jpg
1999 May 30 Mass kidnapping of 70 people in La Maria church in Cali
1999 August 13 Humorist Jaime Garzon murdered by hitmen Image:Quacelnoticierojaimegarzon.png
1999 Betty la fea soap opera a.k.a Ugly Betty reach the highest levels of rating and the script is sold to different producers in several countries Image:Ugly bety header.jpg

[edit] 21st century

Year Date Event Image
2000 October Macayepo massacre in Montes de María Image:Republic of Colombia - Bolivar.png
2000 June The sport of Precolumbian origin; Turmequé or tejo is declared as the National sport by the Colombian congress Image:Tejo02.jpg
2000 first Olympic gold medal in Colombian history, earned by María Isabel Urrutia in weightlifting Image:Weightlifting.jpg
2000 December 18 Opening of the mass transportation system Transmilenio in Bogotá Image:Tmsmbus.jpg
2001 September 29 Politician Consuelo Araujo is murdered while kiddnapped by FARC guerrilla
2001 The stock markets of Cali, Medellín and Bogotá are fused into a single entity: Bolsa de Valores de Colombia
2001 Pop singer Shakira Mebarak wins a Grammy Award for her MTV unplugged Image:GRAMMY1.jpg
2002 Politician Ingrid Betancourt is kiddnapped by FARC guerrilla
2002 April 12 12 politicians in Valle del Cauca are kidnapped using an hoax antibomb operative, starting the Valle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis Image:Diputados.jpg
2002 May 26 Cali bishop Isaias Duarte is murdered by hitmen
2002 May 2 Bojaya massacre in Chocó Department. A bomb destroys the local church. 117 dead, 114 injured. Image:MunsChoco bojaya.png
2002 August 7 Alvaro Uribe is elected president of Colombia Image:Kolumbianischer Präsident Alvaro Uribe 2004.jpg

[edit] References

2000- Colombian CART driver Juan Pablo Montoya wins the Indy 500

  • Calderón Schrader, Camilo; Gil, Antonio; Torras, Daniel (2001), Enciclopedia de Colombia (4 volúmenes). Barcelona: céano Grupo Editorial, 2001. ISBN 8449419476 (Obra completa)
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