Sir William Martin, 4th Baronet

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Sir William Martin
5 December 1801 – 24 March 1895
Image:UK-Navy-OF9.svg Admiral Rank Insignia
Place of death	Winchfield, Hampshire, United Kingdom
Allegiance	Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom
Service/branch	Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg Royal Navy
Rank	Admiral
Commands	First Naval Lord
Awards	GCB

Admiral Sir William Fanshawe Martin, 4th Baronet GCB (December 5, 1801 - March 24, 1895), was a senior British naval officer.

He was the son of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Thomas Byam Martin, comptroller of the navy, and grandson, on the mother's side, of Captain Robert Fanshawe, who commanded the "Namur 90" in George Rodney's victory of April 12, 1782.

Entering the navy at the age of twelve, his fathers interest secured his rapid promotion: he was made a lieutenant on December 15, 1820; on February 8, 1823 he was promoted to be commander of the "Fly" sloop, his good service in which in support of the interests of British merchants at Callao secured his promotion as captain on June 5, 1824. He afterwards served in the Mediterranean and on the home station.

In 1849-1852 he was commodore commanding the Channel squadron, and gave evidence of a remarkable aptitude for command. He was made rear-admiral in May 1853, and for the next four years was superintendent of Portsmouth dockyard. He was made vice-admiral in February 1858, and after a year as First Sea Lord, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean Fleet in 1860.

The discipline of the navy was then bad. It was a tradition sprung from the wholesale shipment of gaol-birds during the old war, that the men were to be treated without consideration; moreover the ships had been largely filled up with bounty men bought into the service with a £10 note, without training. Out of this unpromising material Martin formed the fleet which was at that time the ideal of excellence.

He had no war service, and, beyond the Italian disturbance of 1860-61, no opportunity for showing diplomatic ability. But his memory lives as that of the reformer of discipline and the originator of a comprehensive system of steam manoeuvres. He became an Admiral in November 1863, and on the 4th of December succeeded to the baronetcy which had been conferred on his grandfather.

His last appointment was the command at Plymouth, 1866-1869, and in 1870 he was put on the retired list. In 1873 the GCB was conferred on him. He died at Upton Grey, near Winchfield, on the 24th of March 1895. He was twice married, and left, besides daughters, one son, who succeeded to the baronetcy.

[edit] References

• Service record
• Laughton, J. K. (2004). "Martin, Sir William Fanshawe (1801–1895)", in rev. Andrew Lambert: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved on 2007-10-13. 

Military offices
Preceded by Sir Richard Dundas	First Sea Lord 1858—1859	Succeeded by Sir Richard Dundas

v • d • e Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg First Sea Lords of the Royal Navy

The Earl Howe • Sir Peter Parker • Prince William, Duke of Clarence • Sir George Cockburn • Sir Thomas Hardy • The Hon. George Heneage Dundas • Charles Adam • Sir George Cockburn • Sir Charles Adam • Sir George Cockburn • Sir William Parker • Sir Charles Adam • James Whitley Deans Dundas • The Hon. Maurice FitzHardinge Berkeley • Hyde Parker • The Hon. Maurice FitzHardinge Berkeley • The Hon. Sir Richard Saunders Dundas • William Fanshawe Martin • The Hon. Sir Richard Saunders Dundas • The Hon. Sir Frederick Grey • Sir Alexander Milne • Sir Sydney Dacres • Sir Alexander Milne • Sir Hastings Yelverton • George Wellesley • Sir Astley Cooper Key • Sir Arthur Acland Hood • Lord John Hay • Sir Arthur Acland Hood • Sir Richard Vesey Hamilton • Sir Anthony Hoskins • Sir Frederick Richards • Lord Walter Kerr • Sir John A. Fisher • Sir Arthur Knyvet Wilson • Sir Francis Bridgeman • Prince Louis of Battenberg • The Baron Fisher of Kilverstone • Sir Henry Jackson • Sir John Jellicoe • Sir Rosslyn Wemyss • The Earl Beatty • Sir Charles Madden, Bt • Sir Frederick Field • The Lord Chatfield • Sir Roger Backhouse • Sir Dudley Pound • The Lord Cunningham of Hyndhope • Sir John Cunningham • The Lord Fraser of North Cape • Sir Rhoderick McGrigor • The Earl Mountbatten of Burma • Sir Charles Lambe • Sir Caspar John • Sir David Luce • Sir Varyl Begg • Sir Michael Le Fanu • Sir Peter Hill-Norton • Sir Michael Pollock • Sir Edward Ashmore • Sir Terence Lewin • Sir Henry Leach • Sir John Fieldhouse • Sir William Staveley • Sir Julian Oswald • Sir Benjamin Bathurst • Sir Jock Slater • Sir Michael Boyce • Sir Nigel Essenhigh • Sir Alan West • Sir Jonathon Band •

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.