Dyspnea

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Name of Symptom/Sign:
Dyspnea
Classifications and external resources

ICD-10	R06.8
ICD-9	786.0
DiseasesDB	15892
MedlinePlus	003075

Dyspnea or Dyspnoea (Pronounced disp-nee-ah, from the Latin dyspnoea, Greek dyspnoia from dyspnoos, shortness of breath) or shortness of breath (SOB) is perceived difficulty breathing or painful breathing. It is a common symptom of numerous medical disorders.

Dyspnea on exertion (DOE or exertional dyspnea) indicates dyspnea that occurs (or worsens) during physical activity.

Contents 1 Disorders of the lungs 1.1 Obstructive lung diseases 1.2 Diseases of lung parenchyma and pleura 1.2.1 Contagious 1.2.2 Non-contagious 1.3 Pulmonary vascular diseases 2 Other causes of diminished breathing 2.1 Obstruction of the airway 2.2 Immobilization of the diaphragm 2.3 Restriction of the chest volume 2.4 Disorders of the cardiovascular system 2.5 Disorders of the blood and metabolism 2.6 Disorders affecting breathing nerves and muscles 2.7 Psychological conditions 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Disorders of the lungs

[edit] Obstructive lung diseases

• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Cystic fibrosis
• Emphysema
• Laryngeal edema due to allergies
• heartworm disease

[edit] Diseases of lung parenchyma and pleura

[edit] Contagious

• Anthrax through inhalation of Bacillus anthracis
• Pneumonia
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome

[edit] Non-contagious

• Fibrosing alveolitis
• Atelectasis
• Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
• Interstitial lung disease
• Lung cancer
• Pleural effusion
• Pneumoconiosis
• Pneumothorax
• Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema or acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Sarcoidosis

[edit] Pulmonary vascular diseases

• Acute or recurrent pulmonary emboli
• Pulmonary hypertension, primary or secondary
• Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
• Superior vena cava syndrome

[edit] Other causes of diminished breathing

[edit] Obstruction of the airway

• Cancer of the larynx or pharynx
• Empty nose syndrome
• Pulmonary aspiration
• Epiglottitis

[edit] Immobilization of the diaphragm

• Lesion of the phrenic nerve
• Polycystic liver disease
• Tumor in the diaphragm

[edit] Restriction of the chest volume

• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Broken ribs
• Kyphosis of the spine
• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Pectus excavatum
• Scoliosis

[edit] Disorders of the cardiovascular system

• Aortic dissection
• Cardiomyopathy
• Congenital heart disease
• Heart failure
• Ischaemic heart disease
• Malignant hypertension
• Pericardium disorders, including:
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • Constrictive pericarditis
  • Pericardial effusion
• Pulmonary edema
• Pulmonary embolism
• Valvular heart disease

[edit] Disorders of the blood and metabolism

• Anemia
• Hypothyroidism
• Metabolic acidosis
• Sepsis

[edit] Disorders affecting breathing nerves and muscles

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Multiple sclerosis
• Myasthenia gravis

[edit] Psychological conditions

• Anxiety disorders and panic attacks

[edit] See also

• Air hunger
• Tachypnea
• Bradypnea
• Eupnea
• Orthopnea
• Trepopnea
• Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

[edit] References

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2006). Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 28th Edition. Baltimore, Maryland: Julie K. Stegman, 601. ISBN 0-7817-3390-1. 

[edit] External links

• 825557022 at GPnotebook

v • d • e Symptoms and signs (R00-R69, 780-789)
Circulatory and respiratory systems	Tachycardia - Bradycardia - Palpitation - Heart murmur - Epistaxis - Hemoptysis - Cough - abnormalities of breathing (Dyspnea, Orthopnoea, Stridor, Wheeze, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Hyperventilation, Mouth breathing, Hiccup, Bradypnea, Hypoventilation) - Chest pain - Asphyxia - Pleurisy - Respiratory arrest - Sputum - Bruit/Carotid bruit - Rales
Digestive system and abdomen	Abdominal pain (Acute abdomen) - Nausea/Vomiting - Heartburn - Dysphagia - flatulence and related (Abdominal distension, Bloating, Burping, Tympanites) - Fecal incontinence (Encopresis) - hepatosplenomegaly (Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly) - Jaundice - Ascites - Fecal occult blood - Halitosis
Skin and subcutaneous tissue	disturbances of skin sensation (Hypoesthesia, Paresthesia, Hyperesthesia) - Rash - Cyanosis - Pallor - Flushing - Petechia - Desquamation - Induration - Diaphoresis
Nervous and musculoskeletal systems	abnormal involuntary movements (Tremor, Spasm, Fasciculation, Athetosis) - Gait abnormality - lack of coordination (Ataxia, Dysmetria, Dysdiadochokinesia, Hypotonia) - Tetany - Meningism - Hyperreflexia
Urinary system	Renal colic - Dysuria - Vesical tenesmus - Urinary incontinence - Urinary retention - Oliguria - Polyuria - Nocturia - Extravasation of urine - Extrarenal uremia
Cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour	Anxiety - Somnolence - Coma - Amnesia (Anterograde amnesia, Retrograde amnesia) - Dizziness/Vertigo - smell and taste (Anosmia, Ageusia, Parosmia, Parageusia)
Speech and voice	speech disturbances (Dysphasia, Aphasia, Dysarthria) - symbolic dysfunctions (Dyslexia, Alexia, Agnosia, Apraxia, Acalculia, Agraphia) - voice disturbances (Dysphonia, Aphonia)
General symptoms and signs	Fever (Hyperpyrexia) - Headache - Chronic pain - Malaise/Fatigue (Asthenia, Debility) - Fainting (Vasovagal syncope) - Febrile seizure - Shock (Cardiogenic shock) - Lymphadenopathy - Edema (Peripheral edema, Anasarca) - Hyperhidrosis (Sleep hyperhidrosis) - Delayed milestone - Failure to thrive - Short stature (Idiopathic) - food and fluid intake (Anorexia, Polydipsia, Polyphagia) - Cachexia - Xerostomia - Clubbing

ca:Dispnea

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