Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg
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The Duchy of Lauenburg, also known as Saxe-Lauenburg was a medieval Reichsfrei Duchy that existed from 1296 in the extreme southeast region of Schleswig-Holstein with its territorial center in the modern district of Lauenburg.
In addition to the core territories around the town of Lauenburg/Elbe, at times other territories belonged to Duchy: the Land Hadeln in the area of the delta of the River Elbe and the Amt Neuhaus in the district of Lüneburg. The Duchy was established by partitioning of the Duchy of Saxony. The residences of its dukes were located in the towns of Ratzeburg and Lauenburg.
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[edit] Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg
[edit] House of Ascania (1260–1689)
John was succeeded by his three sons, who at first ruled jointly:
In 1305 the brothers divided their inheritance between them, creating the Bergedorf-Mölln and the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg lines.
[edit] Bergedorf-Mölln line
In 1401 the elder branch became extinct, and Lauenburg was rejoined with the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line.
[edit] Ratzeburg-Lauenburg line
- Albrecht III, 1285–1308, joint rule
- Erich I, 1305–61, joint rule until 1308
- Erich II, 1361–68
- Erich IV, 1368–1412
In 1401 the younger branch inherited Lauenburg and other possessions of the extinct elder Bergedorf-Mölln line.
- Erich V, 1412–36, joint rule until 1414
- John IV, 1412–36, joint rule
- Bernhard III, 1436–63
- John V, 1463–1507
- Magnus I, 1507–43
- Franz I, 1543–81
- Magnus II, 1581-1603
- Franz II, 1603–19
- August, 1619–56
- Julius Heinrich, 1656–65
- Franz Erdmann, 1665–66
- Julius Franz, 1666–89
[edit] House of Welf (1689–1803)
[edit] House of Brunswick–Celle (1689–1705)
- Georg Wilhelm, 1689–1705, also duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and, thus, Elector of Image:Flag of Hanover (1692).gif Hanover
[edit] House of Hanover (1705–1803)
- Georg I Ludwig, 1705–27, also duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Elector of Hanover; from 1714 also Image:Union flag 1606 (Kings Colors).svg king of Great Britain.
- Georg II, 1727–60, also king of Great Britain, duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Elector of Hanover
- Georg III, 1760–1803, also king of Great Britain, duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Elector of Hanover (king of Hanover, after the Congress of Vienna)
[edit] Great French Wars (1803–1814)
- to the Image:Flag of France.svg First French Republic, 1803–05
- to the Image:Flag of Prussia (1803).gif Kingdom of Prussia, 1805–06
- to the Image:Flag of the Kingdom of Westphalia.svg Kingdom of Westphalia, 1806–10
- to the Image:Flag of France.svg First French Empire, 1810–14
[edit] House of Oldenburg (1814–1864)
For 50 years from 1814, Saxe-Lauenburg was in personal union with the Image:Flag of Denmark.svg Kingdom of Denmark, within the Image:Flagge Deutscher Bund.svg German Confederation:
- Friedrich I, 1814–39, also king of Denmark (1808–39, as Frederick VI) and duke of Image:Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein.svg Schleswig-Holstein; previously king of Image:Flag of Norway 1814-1821.PNG Norway (1808–14) and regent of [[Image:{{{flag alias-denmark}}}|22x20px|border|Flag of Norway]] Denmark-Norway from 1784
- Christian I, 1839–48, also king of Denmark (as Christian VIII) and duke of Schleswig-Holstein; previously king of Norway (1814, as Christian Frederick)
- Friedrich II, 1848–63, also king of Denmark (as Frederick VII) and duke of Schleswig-Holstein
- Christian II, 1863–64, also king of Denmark (1863–1906, as Christian IX) and duke of Schleswig-Holstein
Image:Wappen Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg.png
Coat of arms of Lauenburg used during the Prussian administration, with the black and white of Prussia
[edit] Dependent rule (1864–present)
- to Image:Flag of Prussia (1803).gif Prussia from 1864–1945
- in personal union with Prussia 1864–76, thus ruled by William I of the House of Hohenzollern, king of Prussia (1861–88), president of the Image:Flag of the German Empire.svg North German Confederation (1867–71) and Image:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Emperor (1871–88)
- In 1890, Imperial Chancellor Otto von Bismark was awarded the honorific Duke of Lauenberg, but he was never sovereign ruler of the territory, which had been incorporated into Prussia in 1876
- to Image:Flag of Schleswig-Holstein.svg Schleswig-Holstein since 1876, as Image:Wappen Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg.png Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg
[edit] External links
- Historical map of Schleswig Holstein in 1730
- Historical map of Lower Saxony in 1789
- Historical atlas of Saxe-Lauenburg
Image:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor (after 1400).svg Holy Roman Empire – Lower Saxon Circle (1500–1806) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ecclesiastical princes | Bremen* | Halberstadt* | Hildesheim | Lübeck | Magdeburg* | Ratzeburg (until 1701) | Schwerin* | |
| Secular princes | Bremen† | Brunswick: Blankenburg (until 1731), Calenberg‡, Celle, Grubenhagen‡, Lüneburg‡, Wolfenbüttel | Holstein: Glückstadt, Gottorp | Mecklenburg: Güstrow (until 1695), Schwerin, Strelitz | Rantzau (until 1734) | Regenstein | Saxe-Lauenburg‡ | |
| Imperial cities | Bremen | Goslar | Hamburg | Lübeck | Mühlhausen | Nordhausen | |
| * until 1648 † from 1648 ‡ until 1705 | ||
Image:Wappen Deutscher Bund.svg States of the German Confederation (1815–66) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Empires | Austria | Image:Deutscher Bund.png |
| Kingdoms | Prussia | Bavaria | Saxony | Hanover | Württemberg | |
| Electorates | Hesse | |
| Grand Duchies | Baden | Hesse | Luxembourg | Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Oldenburg | Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | |
| Duchies | Anhalt: Bernburg¹, Dessau¹, Köthen² | Brunswick | Holstein | Limburg | Nassau | Saxony: Altenburg³, Coburg-Saalfeld4, Coburg-Gotha³, Gotha-Altenburg4, Hildburghausen4, Lauenburg, Meiningen | |
| Principalities | Hesse-Homburg | Hohenzollern: Hechingen5, Sigmaringen5 | Liechtenstein | Lippe | Reuß: Elder, Junior | Schaumburg-Lippe | Schwarzburg: Rudolstadt, Sondershausen | Waldeck and Pyrmont | |
| City-states | Bremen | Frankfurt | Hamburg | Lübeck | |
| 1: Merged to Anhalt from 1863; 2: until 1847; 3: from 1826; 4: until 1826; 5: until 1850 | ||
de:Herzogtum Sachsen-Lauenburg nl:Lauenburg (land) pl:Sachsen-Lauenburg sv:Sachsen-Lauenburg
