Hildburghausen (district)
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| Hildburghausen | |
| Image:Thuringia hbn.png Map of Thuringia highlighting the district of Hildburghausen | |
| State | Thuringia |
| District seat | Hildburghausen |
| Area | 937 km² |
| Population | 72,800 (2002) |
| Pop. density | 78 /km² |
| Licence plate code | HBN |
| Web page | landkreis-hildburghausen.de |
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Hildburghausen is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen, the city of Suhl, the districts of Ilm-Kreis, Saalfeld-Rudolstadt and Sonneberg, and the state of Bavaria (districts of Coburg, Haßberge and Rhön-Grabfeld). Located roughly halfway between the mountain chains of the Rhön and the Thuringian Forest, the district is densely forested and covered by hilly countryside.
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[edit] History
Despite its tiny territory, this was an autonomous duchy from 1680 to 1826; in 1684 the capital was moved from Heldburg to Hildburghausen, and the mini-state became known as Saxe-Hildburghausen. The dukes built a palace, a French-style park and other pompous buildings in Hildburghausen.
In 1810, a princess of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Therese, was married to Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, who became king of Bavaria 15 years later; this event is the (almost forgotten) reason for the Oktoberfest, held annually in Munich.
In 1826, the states of Thuringia were reorganised: the last ruler of Saxe-Altenburg died without an heir; the duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen became his successor, but he had to cede his own realm to Saxe-Meiningen.
In 1868, four districts were established in the duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. Hildburghausen was one of these districts, with boundaries very similar to those of the former duchy. It remained almost unchanged until 1993, when the former district of Suhl was dissolved and most of its municipalities joined the district.
[edit] Dukes of Saxe-Hildburghausen
- Ernst II (1675–1715)
- Ernst Frederick I (1715–24)
- Ernst Frederick II (1724–45)
- Ernst Frederick III (1745–80)
- Frederick (1780–1825)
Incorporated into Saxe-Meiningen
[edit] Coat of arms
The coat of arms displays:
- the heraldic lion of Meißen, the precursor state to Saxony
- the cock representing the counts of Henneberg, who ruled the region until 1583
- below the symbol of the bishopric of Würzburg is displayed
[edit] Towns and municipalities
| Verwaltungsgemeinschaft-free towns | and municipalities |
|---|---|
| Verwaltungsgemeinschaften | ||
|---|---|---|
|
1. Feldstein |
2. Gleichberge | |
| 1seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft;2town | ||
[edit] External links
- (German) Official website
Ernestine duchies after the Division of Erfurt (1572) | |
|---|---|
Saxe-Weimar (1572–1806) • Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1596) • Saxe-Coburg (1596–1633; 1681–1699) • Saxe-Eisenach (1596–1638; 1640–1644; 1672–1806) • Saxe-Altenburg (1603–1672; 1826–1918) • Saxe-Gotha (1640–1680) • Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1681–1826) • Saxe-Marksuhl (1662–1672) • Saxe-Jena (1672–1690) • Saxe-Eisenberg (1680–1707) • Saxe-Hildburghausen (1680–1826) • Saxe-Römhild (1680–1710) • Saxe-Saalfeld (1680–1735) • Saxe-Meiningen (1681–1918) • Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (1735–1826) • Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1806–1918) • Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1826–1918) | |
Image:Flag of France.svg States of the Confederation of the Rhine (1806–13) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Rank elevated by Napoleon | Kingdoms: Bavaria | Saxony | Württemberg Grand Duchies: Baden | Hesse | |
| States created | Kingdoms: Westphalia Grand Duchies: Berg | Frankfurt‡ | Würzburg | |
| Pre-existing states | Duchies: Anhalt: Bernburg, Dessau, Köthen | Arenberg | Mecklenburg: Schwerin, Strelitz | Nassau | Oldenburg | Saxony: Coburg-Saalfeld, Gotha-Altenburg, Hildburghausen, Meiningen, Weimar*, Eisenach*, Weimar-Eisenach** Principalities: Hohenzollern: Hechingen, Sigmaringen | Isenburg-Birstein | Liechtenstein | Lippe-Detmold | Reuß: Ebersdorf, Greiz, Lobenstein, Schleiz | Salm: Kyrburg, Salm | Schaumburg-Lippe | Schwarzburg: Rudolstadt, Sondershausen | Waldeck | |
| * until 1809 ** from 1809 † until 1810 ‡ from 1810 | ||
Image:Wappen Deutscher Bund.svg States of the German Confederation (1815–66) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Empires | Austria | Image:Deutscher Bund.png |
| Kingdoms | Prussia | Bavaria | Saxony | Hanover | Württemberg | |
| Electorates | Hesse | |
| Grand Duchies | Baden | Hesse | Luxembourg | Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Oldenburg | Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | |
| Duchies | Anhalt: Bernburg¹, Dessau¹, Köthen² | Brunswick | Holstein | Limburg | Nassau | Saxony: Altenburg³, Coburg-Saalfeld4, Coburg-Gotha³, Gotha-Altenburg4, Hildburghausen4, Lauenburg, Meiningen | |
| Principalities | Hesse-Homburg | Hohenzollern: Hechingen5, Sigmaringen5 | Liechtenstein | Lippe | Reuß: Elder, Junior | Schaumburg-Lippe | Schwarzburg: Rudolstadt, Sondershausen | Waldeck and Pyrmont | |
| City-states | Bremen | Frankfurt | Hamburg | Lübeck | |
| 1: Merged to Anhalt from 1863; 2: until 1847; 3: from 1826; 4: until 1826; 5: until 1850 | ||
Image:Flag of Thuringia (state).svg Urban and rural districts in the Free State of Thuringia in Germany Image:Flag of Germany.svg | |
|---|---|
| Urban districts | Eisenach · Erfurt · Gera · Jena · Suhl · Weimar |
| Rural districts | Altenburger Land · Eichsfeld · Gotha · Greiz · Hildburghausen · Ilm-Kreis · Kyffhäuserkreis · Nordhausen · Saale-Holzland · Saale-Orla-Kreis · Saalfeld-Rudolstadt · Schmalkalden-Meiningen · Sömmerda · Sonneberg · Unstrut-Hainich · Wartburgkreis · Weimarer Land |
es:Distrito de Hildburghausen it:Hildburghausen (circondario) nl:Hildburghausen (district) pl:Powiat Hildburghausen pt:Hildburghausen (distrito) ro:Hildburghausen (district) ru:Хильдбургхаузен (район) simple:Saxe-Hildburghausen zh:希尔德堡豪森县
Categories: Districts of Thuringia | Former countries in Europe | States of the Holy Roman Empire | Former principalities | 1680 establishments | 1826 disestablishments | States of the Confederation of the Rhine | States of the German Confederation | Ernestine duchies | House of Wettin | Thuringia | Upper Saxon Circle
