Saint Lucia
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| Saint Lucia |
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| Motto: "The Land, The People, The Light" | ||||||
| Anthem: Sons and Daughters of Saint Lucia |
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| Capital (and largest city) | Castries | |||||
| Official languages | English | |||||
| Demonym | Saint Lucian | |||||
| Government | Parliamentary democracy (constitutional monarchy) | |||||
| - | Queen | Elizabeth II | ||||
| - | Governor-General | Dame Pearlette Louisy | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Stephenson King | ||||
| Independence | ||||||
| - | from the United Kingdom | 22 February 1979 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 620 km² (193rd) 239 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 1.6 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2005 census | 160,765 | ||||
| - | Density | 298/km² (41st) 672/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2002 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $866 million (197th) | ||||
| - | Per capita | $5,950 (98th) | ||||
| HDI (2004) | Image:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 0.799 (medium) (71st) | |||||
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
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| Time zone | (UTC-4) | |||||
| Internet TLD | .lc | |||||
| Calling code | +1 758 | |||||
Saint Lucia (pronounced /ˌseɪnt ˈluːʃɪə/) is an island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean. Part of the Lesser Antilles, it is located north of the islands of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, northwest of Barbados and south of Martinique. It is also known as the "Helen of the West Indies" because it switched between British and French control so often it was likened to the mythical Helen of Troy.
Saint Lucia is one of the Windward Islands, named for Saint Lucy of Syracuse. It was first visited by Europeans in about the year 1500 and first colonized successfully by France who signed a treaty with the native Carib peoples in 1660. Great Britain took control of the island from 1663 to 1667 then went to war with France over it fourteen times, and finally took complete control in 1814. Representative government came about in 1924 (with universal adult suffrage from 1953) and from 1958 to 1962 the island was a member of the Federation of the West Indies. Finally, on February 22, 1979, Saint Lucia became an independent state of the Commonwealth of Nations. The island nation celebrates this every year with a public holiday.
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[edit] History
[edit] Politics
- See also: Foreign relations of Saint Lucia
As a Commonwealth Realm, Saint Lucia recognizes Queen Elizabeth II as the Head of State of Saint Lucia, represented on the island by a Governor-General. Executive power, however, is in the hands of the prime minister and his cabinet. The prime minister is normally the head of the party winning the elections for the House of Assembly, which has 17 seats. The other chamber of Parliament, the Senate, has 11 appointed members.
Saint Lucia is a full and participating member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS).
[edit] Quarters
Saint Lucia is divided into ten quarters:
- Anse la Raye
- Canaries
- Castries
- Choiseul
- Dennery
- Forest
- Gros Islet
- Laborie
- Micoud
- Soufrière
- Vieux Fort
[edit] Geography
The volcanic island of Saint Lucia is more mountainous than many other Caribbean islands, with the highest point being Mount Gimie, at 950 metres above sea level. Two other mountains, the Pitons, form the island's most famous landmark. They are located between Soufrière and Choiseul on the western side of the island. Saint Lucia is also one of the few islands in the world that boasts a drive-in volcano.
The capital city of Saint Lucia is Castries, where about one third of the population lives. Major towns include Gros Islet, Soufrière and Vieux Fort. The local climate is tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds, with a dry season from January to April and a rainy season from May to December.
[edit] Economy
The recent change in the European Union import preference regime and the increased competition from Latin American bananas have made economic diversification increasingly important in Saint Lucia. The island nation has been able to attract foreign business and investment, especially in its offshore banking and tourism industries, which is the island's main source of revenue. The manufacturing sector is the most diverse in the Eastern Caribbean area, and the government is trying to revitalize the banana industry. Despite negative growth in 2001, economic fundamentals remain solid, and GDP growth should recover in the future.
[edit] Demographics
The small population of Saint Lucia is of mostly African descent (more than 90% of the population). There is a small but economically significant mulatto minority representing approximately 5%, and with an Indo-Caribbean minority of some 3%. Just 1.1% are of pure European origin (descendants of French, British, and Irish colonists). There are small numbers of Lebanese and Syrians.
The official language is English, but a creole language called Kwéyòl is spoken by 90% of the population. It evolved from French, Carib and elements of African languages. Saint Lucia is a member of La Francophonie.
St. Lucia boasts the highest ratio in the world for number of Nobel laureates produced with respect to the total population of the nation. Two winners have come from St. Lucia: Sir Arthur Lewis won the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel ("Nobel Prize in Economics") in 1979, and Derek Walcott received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1992. Both were born on January 23rd, but in different years.
About 70% of the population is Roman Catholic. The rest are Seventh-day Adventists (7%), Pentecostalists (6%), Anglicans (2%), Evangelicals (2%) and Rastafari (2%).[1]
[edit] Culture
- See also: Derek Walcott and Music of Saint Lucia
The culture of Saint Lucia is rich in history. The culture has been influenced by African, French and English heritage. One of the secondary languages is Kreole, a form of French patois.
- Festivals
Saint Lucian cultural festivals include La Rose and La Marguerite, the one representing the Rosicrucian order, the other one representing Freemasonry, which can be clearly seen on a mural painted by Dunstan St. Omer, depicting the holy trinity of Osiris, Horus and Isis.
Traditionally, in common with other Caribbean countries, Saint Lucia held a carnival before Lent. In 1999, it was moved to mid-July in order to not to coincide with the much larger Trinidad and Tobago carnival, so as to attract more overseas visitors.
- Music and dance
A popular folk dance is the Quadrille.
As well as other Caribbean music genres such as soca, zouk and reggae, Saint Lucia has a strong indigenous folk music tradition.
Each May since 1992, Saint Lucia has hosted an internationally-renowned Jazz Festival.
[edit] Tourism
Second only the Bahamas, tourism is vital to St. Lucia's economy and it is expected that economic importance of tourism is expected to continue to increase as the market for bananas becomes more competitive. Tourism tends to be more substantial during the dry season (January to April). St Lucia tends to be popular due to its tropical weather and scenery and for its large number of beaches and resorts.
Other tourist attractions include the world's only drive-in volcano, Sulfur Springs (at Soufriere), the Botanical Gardens, rain forests and Pigeon Island National Park, which is home to Fort Rodney, an old British military base.
The majority of tourists visit St. Lucia as part of a cruise. Most of their time tends to be spent in Castries, although Soufriere, Marigot Bay and Gros Islet are popular locations to visit.
With its white beaches and spectacular scenery, St. Lucia is a very popular location for weddings; close to 3,500 took place in 2006. [2]
[edit] Gallery
GrosPiton.JPG
Gros Piton seen from the Ladera Hotel restaurant – September 2007 |
PetitPiton.JPG
Petit Piton seen from the Ladera Hotel restaurant – December 2004 |
Lucia 079.jpg
View from Pigeon Point (Fort Rodney) – 2006 |
MarigoldBay.jpg
Soufrière Bay – February 2006 |
AtlanticBeach.jpg
Unspoiled St Lucia beach – February 2006 |
Day248bdrivem.JPG
Typical sight in Canaries: houses on hills – June 2006 |
Saint lucia mountain resort.JPG
View from a hilltop overlooking a beach resort – June 2006 |
Day248bdriveq.JPG
Soufrière – June 2006 |
Saint lucia beach.JPG
Beach resort – June 2006 |
St lucia z.jpg
View from the Le Sport resort – March 2006 |
[edit] See also
- Communications in Saint Lucia
- Foreign relations of Saint Lucia
- List of cities in Saint Lucia
- Military of Saint Lucia
- National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO)
- Tourism in Saint Lucia
- Transport in Saint Lucia
- The Saint Lucia Scout Association
- Saint Lucian diplomatic missions
- Sports in Saint Lucia
- List of Saint Lucians
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Official website of the Government of Saint Lucia
- Compendium of Environmental StatisticsPDF (3.95 MiB)
- Official Home of the Saint Lucia Solid Waste Management Authority
- 2001 Population and Housing Census ReportPDF (10.1 MiB)
- Official Website of Saint Lucia Met. Service
- Portal of the Saint Lucia Tourist Board
- St. Lucia Forums / Message Board
- Saint Lucia - Simply Beautiful
- St. Lucia Pictures
- Pictures & Images of St. Lucia
- Teaching Resources on St Lucia
- Map of St. Lucia
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