List of Prime Ministers of Portugal

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In Portugal, the post of Prime Minister (Portuguese: primeiro-ministro, pron. IPA: [pɾi'mɐiɾu mɨ'niʃtɾu] or [mi'niʃtɾu]) is the head of the country's Government. He coordinates the actions of all ministers, represents the Government as a whole, reports his actions and is controlled by the Assembly of the Republic, and keeps the President of the Republic informed.

There is no limit to the number of mandates as Prime Minister. He is appointed by the President of the Republic, after the legislative elections and after an audience with every leader of a party represented at the Assembly. It is usual for the leader of the party most voted in the elections to be named Prime Minister.

Before the Carnation Revolution of 1974 the competences of the Prime Minister were different. Since the 1820 Liberal Revolution of Porto, liberalism and parliamentarism were installed in the country. In the first liberal period, there were three to six secretaries of state with equal position in the hierarchy, but with the Secretary of State of Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (usually known by Minister of the Kingdom) occupying a prominent position. Occasionally there was a Minister Assistant to the Dispatch, a coordinator of all secretaries of state, and with a post similar to that of a prime minister. After a brief absolutistic restoration, the second liberalism started. With the beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy, post of President of the Council of Ministers was created. The Presidents of the Council were clearly the heads of government of the kingdom holding the executive power that absolutistic monarchs had, but were restricted by the controlling power of a National Congress.

With the advent of the Republic in the 5 October 1910 revolution, the Prime Minister was renamed President of the Ministry. During this period the heads of government were under the strong power of the parliament and oftenly fell due to parliamentary turmoils and social instability. With the 28 May 1926 coup d'état, and eventually, after the formation of the Estado Novo quasi-fascist dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar, the Prime Minister was again named President of the Council of Ministers, and was nominally the most important figure in the country. First Salazar and then Marcello Caetano occupied this post for almost 42 years. With the Carnation Revolution came the Prime Minister, which replaced the President of the Council.

Contents

[edit] Numbering

The numbering of the Prime Ministers starts with the first President of the Council of Ministers of the constitutional monarchy. A second column is added after the establishment of the Republic, numbering the Prime Ministers from there to the present day. Another column is added for the numbering inside the four regimes: First Republic, Ditadura Nacional, Estado Novo and Third Republic, with a fourth column in the Estado Novo to mark the numbering of Prime Ministers since the 1926 revolution and since the formation of the Estado Novo.

[edit] Constitutional Monarchy

# Took office Left office Party
Constitutional Monarchy – Second Liberalism (1834-1910)
1
Image:Pedro de Sousa Holstein.jpg Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela September 24, 1834 May 4, 1835 Chartist/"Chamorro"
2
Image:2 Conde de Linhares.jpg Vitório Maria Francisco de Sousa Coutinho Teixeira de Andrade Barbosa, Count of Linhares May 4, 1835 May 27, 1835 "Chamorro"
3
Image:Duque de Saldanha.jpg João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, Marquess of Saldanha May 27, 1835 November 18, 1835 Independent
4
Image:José Jorge Loureiro.jpg José Jorge Loureiro November 18, 1835 April 20, 1836 Independent
5
Image:Duque da Terceira.jpg António José de Sousa Manoel de Menezes Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor April 20, 1836 September 10, 1836 "Chamorro"
6
Image:Conde de Lumiares.jpg José Manuel da Cunha Faro Menezes Portugal Gama Carneiro e Sousa, Count of Lumiares September 10, 1836 November 4, 1836 Septemberist
7
Image:Marquês de Valença.jpg José Bernardino de Portugal e Castro, Marquess of Valença and Count of Vimioso November 4, 1836 November 5, 1836 Independent
8
Image:Sa da Bandeira.jpg Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Viscount of Sá da Bandeira November 5, 1836 June 1, 1837 Septemberist
9
Image:António Dias de Oliveira.jpg António Dias de Oliveira June 1, 1837 August 2, 1837 Septemberist
10
Image:Sa da Bandeira.jpg Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Viscount of Sá da Bandeira August 2, 1837 April 18, 1839 Septemberist
11
Image:Barão de Ribeira de Sabrosa.jpg Rodrigo Pinto Pizarro de Almeida Carvalhais, Baron of Ribeira de Sabrosa April 18, 1839 November 26, 1839 Septemberist
12
Image:GP Conde de pd-bonfim.jpg José Lúcio Travassos Valdez, Count of Bonfim November 26, 1839 June 9, 1841 Septemberist
13
Image:Joaquim António de Aguiar.jpg Joaquim António de Aguiar June 9, 1841 February 7, 1842 Septemberist
14
Image:Pedro de Sousa Holstein.jpg Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela February 7, 1842 February 9, 1842 Independent
15
Image:Duque da Terceira.jpg António José de Sousa Manoel de Menezes Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira February 9, 1842 May 20, 1846 Chartist
16
Image:Pedro de Sousa Holstein.jpg Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela May 20, 1846 October 6, 1846 Chartist
17
Image:Duque de Saldanha.jpg João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, Marquess and Duke of Saldanha October 6, 1846 June 18, 1849 Chartist
18
Image:Marquês de Tomar.jpg António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, Count of Tomar June 18, 1849 April 26, 1851 Chartist
19
Image:Duque da Terceira.jpg António José de Sousa Manoel de Menezes Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor April 26, 1851 May 1, 1851 Regenerator
20
Image:Duque de Saldanha.jpg João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha May 1, 1851 June 6, 1856 Regenerator
21
Image:Duque de Loulé.jpg Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Marquess of Loulé June 6, 1856 March 16, 1859 Historic
22
Image:Duque da Terceira.jpg António José de Sousa Manoel de Menezes Severim de Noronha, Duke of Terceira and Marquess of Vila Flor March 16, 1859 May 1, 1860 Regenerator
23
Image:Joaquim António de Aguiar.jpg Joaquim António de Aguiar May 1, 1860 July 4, 1860 Regenerator
24
Image:Duque de Loulé.jpg Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé July 4, 1860 April 17, 1865 Historic
25
Image:Sa da Bandeira.jpg Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira April 17, 1865 September 4, 1865 Reformist
26
Image:Joaquim António de Aguiar.jpg Joaquim António de Aguiar September 4, 1865 January 4, 1868 Regenerator (together with the Historic Party)
27
Image:Duque de Ávila.jpg António José de Ávila, Count of Ávila January 4, 1868 July 22, 1868 Independent
28
Image:Sa da Bandeira.jpg Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira July 22, 1868 August 11, 1869 Reformist
29
Image:Duque de Loulé.jpg Nuno José Severo de Mendonça Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé August 11, 1869 May 19, 1870 Historic
30
Image:Duque de Saldanha.jpg João Carlos Gregório Domingos Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha May 19, 1870 August 29, 1870 Regenerator
31
Image:Sa da Bandeira.jpg Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo, Marquess of Sá da Bandeira August 29, 1870 October 29, 1870 Reformist
32
Image:Duque de Ávila.jpg António José de Ávila, Marquess of Ávila October 29, 1870 September 13, 1871 Reformist
33
Image:Fontes Pereira de Melo.jpg António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo September 13, 1871 March 6, 1877 Regenerator
34
Image:Duque de Ávila.jpg António José de Ávila, Marquess of Ávila March 6, 1877 January 26, 1878 Reformist
35
Image:Fontes Pereira de Melo.jpg António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo January 26, 1878 May 29, 1879 Regenerator
36
Image:Braamcamp.jpg Anselmo José Braamcamp de Almeida Castelo Branco May 29, 1879 March 23, 1881 Progressist
37
Image:Rodrigues Sampaio.jpg António Rodrigues Sampaio March 23, 1881 November 14, 1881 Regenerator
38
Image:Fontes Pereira de Melo.jpg António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo November 14, 1881 February 16, 1886 Regenerator
39
Image:Luciano de Castro.jpg José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real February 16, 1886 January 14, 1890 Progressist
40
Image:Serpa Pimentel.jpg António de Serpa Pimentel January 14, 1890 October 11, 1890 Regenerator
41
Image:João Crisóstomo.jpg João Crisóstomo de Abreu e Sousa October 11, 1890 January 18, 1892 Independent
42
Image:José Dias Ferreira.jpg José Dias Ferreira January 18, 1892 February 22, 1893 Independent
43
Image:Hintze Ribeiro.jpg Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro February 22, 1893 February 5, 1897 Regenerator
44
Image:Luciano de Castro.jpg José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real February 5, 1897 July 26, 1900 Progressist
45
Image:Hintze Ribeiro.jpg Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro July 26, 1900 October 20, 1904 Regenerator
46
Image:Luciano de Castro.jpg José Luciano de Castro Pereira Côrte-Real October 20, 1904 March 19, 1906 Progressist
47
Image:Hintze Ribeiro.jpg Ernesto Rudolfo Hintze Ribeiro March 19, 1906 May 19, 1906 Regenerator
48
Image:Joao franco.jpg João Ferreira Franco Pinto Castelo-Branco May 19, 1906 February 4, 1908 Liberal Regenerator
49
Image:Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral.jpg Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral February 4, 1908 December 26, 1908 Independent
50
Image:Campos Henriques.gif Artur Alberto de Campos Henriques December 26, 1908 April 11, 1909 Independent
(Regenerator and Progessist)
51
Image:Sousa Telles.jpg Sebastião Custódio de Sousa Teles April 11, 1909 May 14, 1909 Independent
52
Image:Wenceslau Pereira de Lima.jpg Wenceslau de Sousa Pereira de Lima May 14, 1909 December 22, 1909 Independent
53
Image:Veiga Beirão.gif Francisco António da Veiga Beirão December 22, 1909 June 26, 1910 Regenerator
54
Image:Teixeira de Sousa.jpg António Teixeira de Sousa June 26, 1910 October 5, 1910 Regenerator

[edit] First Republic

# President of the Ministry Took office Left office Party
First Republic (1910-1926)
55
1
Image:Teofilo braga.jpg Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga October 5, 1910 August 24, 1911 Republican
56
2
Image:Joao Pinheiro Chagas.jpg João Pinheiro Chagas September 4, 1911 November 13, 1911 Republican
57
3
Image:Augusto de Vasconcelos.jpg Augusto César de Almeida de Vasconcelos Correia November 13, 1911 June 16, 1912 Republican
58
4
Image:Duarte Leite.jpg Duarte Leite Pereira da Silva June 16, 1912 January 9, 1913 Republican
59
5
Image:Afonso Costa.jpg Afonso Augusto da Costa January 9, 1913 February 9, 1914 Democratic
60
6
Image:Bernardino Machado.jpg Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães February 9, 1914 December 12, 1914 Democratic
61
7
Image:Vitor Hugo Azevedo Coutinho.jpg "Vítor Hugo" de Azevedo Coutinho December 12, 1914 January 28, 1915 Democratic
62
8
Image:Pimenta de Castro.jpg Joaquim Pereira Pimenta de Castro January 28, 1915 May 14, 1915 Independent
-
  Constitutional Junta composed of:
José Norton de Matos
António Maria da Silva
José de Freitas Ribeiro
Alfredo de Sá Cardoso
Álvaro de Castro
May 14, 1915 May 15, 1915 Independent
-
Image:Joao Pinheiro Chagas.jpg João Pinheiro Chagas
(did not take office)
May 15, 1915 May 17, 1915 Independent
63
9
Image:No free image man (en).svg José Augusto Soares Ribeiro de Castro May 17, 1915 November 29, 1915 Democratic
64
10
Image:Afonso Costa.jpg Afonso Augusto da Costa November 29, 1915 March 16, 1916 Democratic
65
11
Image:Antonio Jose de Almeida.jpg António José de Almeida March 16, 1916 April 25, 1917 Sacred Union
(Evolutionist Republican
together with the Democrats)
66
12
Image:Afonso Costa.jpg Afonso Augusto da Costa April 25, 1917 October 7, 1917 Democratic
-
-
Image:Norton de Matos.jpg José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos
(interim)
October 7, 1917 October 25, 1917 Democratic
-
-
Image:Afonso Costa.jpg Afonso Augusto da Costa October 25, 1917 November 17, 1917 Democratic
-
-
Image:Norton de Matos.jpg José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton de Matos
(interim)
November 17, 1917 December 8, 1917 Democratic
67
13
Image:President Paes of Portugal.jpg Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais December 8, 1917 December 14, 1918 National Republican
68
14
Image:Canto e Castro.jpg João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes Júnior December 14, 1918 December 23, 1918 National Republican
69
15
Image:João Tamagnini Barbosa.jpg João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa December 23, 1918 January 27, 1919 National Republican
70
16
Image:José Relvas.jpg José Maria Mascarenhas Relvas January 27, 1919 March 30, 1919 Independent
71
17
Image:Domingos Leite Pereira.jpg Domingos Leite Pereira March 30, 1919 June 30, 1919 Independent
72
18
Image:Alfredo de Sa Cardoso.jpg Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso June 30, 1919 January 15, 1920 Democratic
-
Image:Fernandes da Costa.jpg Francisco José Fernandes Costa
(did not take office)
January 15, 1920
Liberal Republican
-
Image:Alfredo de Sa Cardoso.jpg Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso
(reconducted)
January 15, 1920 January 21, 1920 Democratic
73
19
Image:Domingos Leite Pereira.jpg Domingos Leite Pereira January 21, 1920 March 8, 1920 Independent
74
20
Image:Antonio Maria Baptista.jpg António Maria Baptista March 8, 1920 June 6, 1920 Democratic
75
21
Image:No free image man (en).svg José Ramos Preto June 6, 1920 June 26, 1920 Democratic
76
22
Image:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg António Maria da Silva June 26, 1920 July 19, 1920 Democratic
(together with the Socialists
and Populars)
77
23
Image:António Granjo.JPG António Joaquim Granjo July 19, 1920 November 20, 1920 Liberal Republican
(together with the National
Reconstitution Republicans)
78
24
Image:Alvaro Xavier de Castro.jpg Álvaro Xavier de Castro November 20, 1920 November 30, 1920 National Reconstitution Republican
(together with the Democratics
and Populars)
79
25
Image:Liberato Pinto.jpg Liberato Damião Ribeiro Pinto November 30, 1920 March 2, 1921 Democratic
(together with National
Reconstitution Republicans
and Populars)
80
26
Image:Bernardino Machado.jpg Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães March 2, 1921 May 23, 1921 Democratic
(together with National
Reconstitution Republicans
and Populars)
81
27
Image:Tomé José de Barros Queirós.jpg Tomé José de Barros Queirós May 23, 1921 August 30, 1921 Liberal Republican
82
28
Image:António Granjo.JPG António Joaquim Granjo August 30, 1921 October 19, 1921 Liberal Republican
83
29
Image:Antonio Maria Coelho.jpg António Manuel Maria Coelho October 19, 1921 November 5, 1921 Independent
84
30
Image:Maia Pinto.jpg Carlos Henrique da Silva Maia Pinto November 5, 1921 December 16, 1921 Independent
85
31
Image:Francisco Cunha Leal.jpg Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal December 16, 1921 February 7, 1922 Independent
86
32
Image:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg António Maria da Silva February 7, 1922 November 15, 1923 Democratic
87
33
Image:Ginestal Machado.jpg António Ginestal Machado November 15, 1923 December 18, 1923 Nationalist Republican
88
34
Image:Alvaro Xavier de Castro.jpg Álvaro Xavier de Castro December 18, 1923 July 7, 1924 Nationalist Republican
(together with the Democratics)
89
35
Image:Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar.jpg Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar July 7, 1924 November 22, 1924 Democratic
90
36
Image:José Domingues dos Santos.jpg José Domingues dos Santos November 22, 1924 February 15, 1925 Democratic Leftwing
Republican
91
37
Image:Vitorino Maximo de Carvalho Guimaraes.jpg Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães February 15, 1925 July 1, 1925 Democratic
92
38
Image:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg António Maria da Silva July 1, 1925 August 1, 1925 Democratic
93
39
Image:Domingos Leite Pereira.jpg Domingos Leite Pereira August 1, 1925 December 18, 1925 Democratic
94
40
Image:Antonio Maria da Silva.jpg António Maria da Silva December 18, 1925 May 30, 1926 Democratic

[edit] Second Republic (National Dictatorship and Estado Novo)

# President of the Council of Ministers Took office Left office Party
Ditadura Nacional – Military Dictatorship (1926-1932)
95
41
1
Image:Mendes Cabeçadas.jpg José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior May 30, 1926 June 19, 1926 None
96
42
2
Image:Gomes da Costa.jpg Manuel de Oliveira Gomes da Costa June 19, 1926 July 9, 1926 None
97
43
3
Image:A carmona.jpg António Óscar Fragoso Carmona July 9, 1926 April 18, 1928 None
98
44
4
Image:Vicente de Freitas.jpg José Vicente de Freitas April 18, 1928 July 8, 1929 None
99
45
5
Image:Artur Ivens Ferraz.jpg Artur Ivens Ferraz July 8, 1929 January 21, 1930 None
100
46
6
Image:Domingos da Costa Oliveira.jpg Domingos Augusto Alves da Costa e Oliveira January 21, 1930 July 5, 1932 National Union
Estado Novo – New State (1932-1974)
101
47
7
1
Image:Salazar1933.jpg António de Oliveira Salazar July 5, 1932 September 25, 1968 National Union
102
48
8
2
Image:Marcello caetano.jpg Marcello José das Neves Alves Caetano September 25, 1968 April 25, 1974 National Union (since 1970,
renamed People's National Action

[edit] Third Republic

# Prime Minister Took office Left office Party
Third Republic (1974-Present)
-
  National Salvation Junta
composed of:
António de Spínola
Francisco da Costa Gomes
Jaime Silvério Marques
Diogo Neto
Carlos Galvão de Melo
José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo
António Rosa Coutinho
April 25, 1974 May 16, 1974 None
103
49
1
Image:Palma Carlos.jpg Adelino da Palma Carlos May 16, 1974 July 18, 1974 Independent
104
50
2
Image:Vasco Gonçalves.gif Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves July 18, 1974 September 19, 1975 Independent
(with Communist inclination)
105
51
3
Image:Pinheiro de Azevedo.jpg José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo September 19, 1975 June 23, 1976 Independent
106
52
4
Image:Vasco de Almeida e Costa.jpg Vasco Fernando Leote de Almeida e Costa
(interim[1])
June 23, 1976 July 23, 1976 Independent
107
53
5
Image:Mário Soares em Brasília 1988.jpg Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares July 23, 1976 August 28, 1978 Socialist (since 23 January
1987 together with the
Democratic and Social Centre)
108
54
6
Image:Nobre da Costa.gif Alfredo Jorge Nobre da Costa August 28, 1978 November 22, 1978 Independent
(presidential nomination)
109
55
7
Image:Mota Pinto.gif Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto November 22, 1978 August 1, 1979 Independent
(presidential nomination)
(Social Democratic)
110
56
8
Image:Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo.jpg Maria de Lourdes Ruivo da Silva de Matos Pintasilgo August 1, 1979 January 3, 1980 Independent
(presidential nomination)
(later, Socialist)
111
57
9
Image:Sa Carneiro.jpg Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro January 3, 1980 December 4, 1980 Democratic Alliance
(Social Democratic)
112
58
10
Image:Freitas do Amaral.gif Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral
(interim)
December 4, 1980 January 9, 1981 Democratic Alliance
(Democratic and Social Centre)
113
59
11
Image:Pinto Balsemao.jpg Francisco José Pereira Pinto de Balsemão January 9, 1981 June 9, 1983 Democratic Alliance
(Social Democratic)
114
60
12
Image:Mário Soares em Brasília 1988.jpg Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares June 9, 1983 November 6, 1985 Socialist (together with the
Social Democratic Party)
115
61
13
Image:Cavaco Silva 10nov2007.jpg Aníbal António Cavaco Silva November 6, 1985 October 28, 1995 Social Democratic
116
62
14
Image:António Guterres.jpg António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres October 28, 1995 April 6, 2002 Socialist
117
63
15
Image:Jose Manuel BarrosoCROPPED.jpg José Manuel Durão Barroso April 6, 2002 July 17, 2004 Social Democratic
(together with the People's Party)
118
64
16
Image:Pedro Santana Lopes.jpg Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes July 17, 2004 March 12, 2005 Social Democratic
(together with the People's Party)
119
65
17
Image:Josesocrates09082006.jpg José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa March 12, 2005 Present Socialist


[edit] Legend

Color of party
Independent
Constitutional Monarchy
Chartist/Chamorro
Chamorro
Septemberist
Chartist
Regenerator
Historic
Reformist
Regenerator and Historic
Progressist
Liberal Regenerator
First Republic
Republican
Democratic
Sacred Union
National Republican
Liberal Republican
National Reconstitution Republican
Nationalist Republican
Democratic Leftwing Republican
Ditadura Nacional and Estado Novo
National Union (People's National Action)
Third Republic
Socialist
Social Democratic / Democratic and Social Centre
Socialist / Social Democratic
Social Democratic

[edit] See also

Portugal Portal
ca:Primer Ministre de Portugal

de:Liste der Premierminister Portugals es:Primer Ministro de Portugal eo:Listo de ĉefministroj de Portugalio fr:Liste des Premiers ministres du Portugal id:Daftar Perdana Menteri Portugal it:Primi Ministri del Portogallo nl:Lijst van premiers van Portugal no:Liste over Portugals statsministere pl:Premierzy Portugalii pt:Lista de primeiros-ministros de Portugal ru:Список премьер-министров Португалии uk:Прем'єр-міністр Португалії zh:葡萄牙总理

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