Primal Scream
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| Primal Scream | |
|---|---|
| Image:Primal Scream.jpg | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Glasgow, Scotland |
| Genre(s) | Alternative rock, indie pop, house, techno, acid house |
| Years active | 1982–present |
| Label(s) | Creation (1985-1987, 1987-2000) Elevation (1987) Sony (2000-2007) B-Unique Records (2007 - present) |
| Associated acts | Spirea X, Adventures in Stereo, The Jesus and Mary Chain, The Stone Roses |
| Website | www.primalscream.net |
| Members | |
| Bobby Gillespie Andrew Innes Gary "Mani" Mounfield Martin Duffy Darrin Mooney | |
| Former members | |
| Jim Beattie Paul Harte Jim Hunt Denise Johnson Duncan Mackay Tom McGurk Stuart May Henry Olsen Steve Sidelnyk Gavin Skinner Martin St. John Toby Tomanov Robert 'Throb' Young Kevin Shields | |
Primal Scream are a Scottish alternative rock group formed in 1982 in Glasgow by Bobby Gillespie (vocals) and Jim Beattie. The current lineup consists of Gillespie, Andrew Innes (guitar), Martin Duffy (keyboards), Gary "Mani" Mounfield (bass), and Darrin Mooney (drums). Barrie Coddigan toured with the band in 2006 as a temporary replacement after the departure guitarist Robert "Throb" Young. Young's permanent replacement has not yet been announced.
The band performed throughout 1982-1984, but their career didn't especially take off until Gillespie left his position as drummer of The Jesus and Mary Chain. The band were a key part of the mid-1980s indie pop scene, but eventually moved away from their more jangly sound, taking on more psychedelic and then garage rock influences, before incorporating a dance music element to their sound. Their 1991 album Screamadelica broke the band into the mainstream. Despite multiple lineup changes, the band has remained commercially successful and continues to tour and record to this day.
Contents |
[edit] History
[edit] Formation (1982 - 1985)
Bobby Gillespie moved to Mount Florida, the southeastern area of Glasgow. There he attended Kings Park Secondary School, where he first met Robert Young.[1] Another school friend was Alan McGee, who took Gillespie to his first gig, a Thin Lizzy concert.[1] McGee and Gillespie were heavily influenced by punk rock, and they joined a local punk band, The Drains, in 1978. The Drains guitarist was a 15-year old Andrew Innes.[1] The band was short-lived, and Innes and McGee relocated to London while Gillespie chose to remain in Glasgow.
After the punk movement ended, Gillespie became disenchanted with mainstream New Wave music.[1] He met up with another school friend who shared his outlook, Jim Beattie, and recorded "elemental noise tapes", in which Gillespie would bang two dustbin lids together and Beattie played fuzz-guitar.[2] They soon moved on to Velvet Underground and Byrds cover songs before starting to write their own songs, based around Jah Wobble and Peter Hook basslines. Gillespie later said that the band "didn't really exist, but we did it every night for something to do."[1] They named themselves Primal Scream, a term used to describe a cry heard in Janovian psychotherapy treatment. Still essentially a partnership, Primal Scream first played live in 1982.[2]
Their first recording session, for McGee's independent label Essential Records, was a single track entitled "The Orchard". Beattie later claimed that they burned the master tape.[1][2] After the aborted recording, Gillespie joined The Jesus and Mary Chain as their drummer, and alternated between both bands. While the Mary Chain became notorious for their chaotic gigs, Gillespie and Beattie expanded Primal Scream's lineup to include school friend Young on bass, rhythm guitarist Stuart May, drummer Tom McGurk, and tambourine player Martin St. John. This lineup was signed to Creation Records, an independent record label founded by Alan McGee, and recorded the group's debut single, "All Fall Down", which received positive reviews.[1]
[edit] First recordings (1986 - 1989)
After the release of the single, Gillespie was told by Mary Chain leaders William and Jim Reid that he was to either dissolve Primal Scream to join the Mary Chain full-time or resign.[1][2] Gillespie chose to remain with Primal Scream. Stuart May was replaced by Paul Harte, and the group then released a new single, "Crystal Crescent". The b-side, "Velocity Girl", was released on the C86 compilation, later associating them with the scene of the same name. The band strongly disliked this, with Gillespie saying that "[t]hey can't play their instruments and they can't write songs."[1]
The band toured throughout 1986, and Gillespie became disenchanted with their performance quality. He said that there "was always something missing, musically or in attitude."[1] The band switched to McGee's newly set-up Warner Bros. subsidiary Elevation Records. Before the band entered Rockfield Studios in Wales to record their debut album, McGurk was asked to leave the band. The group subsequently began recording using session players. They spent four weeks recording with producer Stephen Street before deciding to halt the sessions.[1]
May was subsequently dismissed and Gillespie's former bandmate Innes was brought in as his replacement, and the band finally found a new drummer, Gavin Skinner. With their new lineup, the band re-entered the studio, this time in London with producer Mayo Thompson. By the time Sonic Flower Groove was completed, it had cost £100,000.[1] The album reached number 62 on the British charts[1] and received poor reviews, with All Music Guide calling it "pristine but dull."[3] The backlash from the album caused internal strife within the band. Beattie subsequently resigned and Skinner was fired.[2]
The band, now consisting of only Gillespie, Innes and Young, relocated to Brighton to regroup.[1] Young switched to guitar, and they recruited bassist Henry Olsen and drummer Phillip "Toby" Tomanov, who had both been in Nico's backing band, The Faction. They traded in their jangle pop sound for a harder rock edge, or as Gillespie said, "[w]e had found rock 'n' roll."[1] The band's re-signed to Creation Records and released their first single in two years, "Ivy, Ivy, Ivy". This was followed by a full album, Primal Scream. The band's new sound was met with poor reviews, NME called it "confused and lacking in cohesion".[1] Fan reaction was as poor as the critical, as many of their old fans were disappointed or simply confused by their new sound.[1]
[edit] Screamadelica (1990 - 1992)
The band were first introduced to the acid house scene by McGee in 1988. They were at first skeptical; Gillespie said: "I always remember being quite fascinated by it but not quite getting it."[1] The band did, however, quickly develop a taste for it and began attending raves and taking ecstasy. The band met up with DJ Andrew Weatherall at a rave, and he was given a copy of "I'm Losing More Than I'll Ever Have", a track from Primal Scream, to remix for one of his shows.[2] Weatherall added a drum loop from an Italian bootleg mix of Edie Brickell's "What I Am", a sample of Gillespie singing a line from Robert Johnson's "Terraplane Blues" and the central introductory sample from the Peter Fonda B-movie The Wild Angels. The resulting track, "Loaded", became the band's first major hit, reaching number 16 on the UK Singles Chart.[4] This was followed by another single, "Come Together", which reached number 19.[4]
The band entered the studio with Weatherall, Hugo Nicholson, The Orb, and Jimmy Miller producing, and new member Martin Duffy on keyboards. They released two more singles, "Higher Than The Sun" and "Don't Fight It, Feel It", both of which were successful. The album, Screamadelica, was released in the autumn to ecstatic reviews.[5] Ink Blot Magazine said that the album was "both of its time and timeless."[6] The album was also a massive commercial success, reaching number eight on the British charts and number 31 on the US Billboard charts.[7] The album won the first Mercury Music Prize, beating Gillespie's former band The Jesus and Mary Chain.
The supporting tour kicked off in Amsterdam, and it included a performance at the Glastonbury festival before coming to an end in Sheffield. Throughout the tour the band and their increasingly large entourage gained notoriety for their large narcotic intake.[1] The band's drug habits have often been publicised, journalist James Brown reported a now infamous story: the band were arguing with one another about whether to get Vietnamese, Chinese or Indian. When one of Brown's colleagues asked them if they'd settle for a burger the band informed him: "It's heroin we're discussing, not food!".[8] Around this time, the band recorded the Dixie Narco EP. Some of the tracks showed a change in the band's sound, as it featured more straightforward rock music.[1]
[edit] Give Out and decline (1992 - 1995)
The band began work on their fourth album in Roundhouse Studios in London in September of 1992. Most of the band members had developed heroin addictions, and as a result the sessions did not produce any new material.[1] The band called in producer Tom Dowd to help. After some short sessions in London's E-Zee Studios, the band, along with Dowd, moved to Alabama. After the completion of the sessions, the band felt that they had "rehearsed the life out of the songs",[1] and they brought in multiple producers to remix some of the tracks. The Black Crowes' producer George Drakoulias did some mixing, as did funk legend George Clinton.[1]
In March, 1994, the first single off of the new album, "Rocks", was released to commercial success. It was the band's highest charting single to date, reaching number seven on the UK charts.[9] The single wasn't received well, with NME famously calling them "dance traitors".[1] The album, Give Out But Don't Give Up was released in May to mixed reviews. Whereas some praised the band's new Stones-influenced sound,[10] some dismissed the album as tired and drawing too heavily on their influences.[11] Two more singles were released from the album, "Jailbird" and "(I'm Gonna) Cry Myself Blind", both of which charted progressively lower.
While touring in support of the album, relations within the band began to wear down. The band's American tour, which they co-headlined with Depeche Mode, was, in the words of manager Alex Nightingale, "the closest we've come to the band splitting up."[1] After the completion of the tour, the band remained quiet for a long period of time. Gillespie later remarked that he was unsure if the band would continue. The only release during this period was a single, "The Big Man and the Scream Team Meet the Barmy Army Uptown", a collaboration with Irvine Welsh and On-U Sound, which caused controversy due to offensive lyrics about Glasgow.[1]
[edit] Vanishing Point (1996 - 1998)
After a short hiatus, the band returned with a new lineup. Gary "Mani" Mounfield, fresh from the well-publicised break-up of his previous band, The Stone Roses, was added as the band's new bassist, and Paul Mulraney was added as their new drummer. The arrival of Mani revitalized the group, who were considering disbanding after the failure of Give Out.[12] The album was recorded in the band's personal studio in two months, and was mixed in another month.[12] Most of the recording was engineered by Innes, and produced by Brendan Lynch and Andrew Weatherall.
The music on the album had a complex dance/dub rhythm, harking back to the crossover success of Screamadelica, yet sounding significantly darker. Some songs on the album were inspired by cult 1971 film Vanishing Point; Gillespie said that they wanted to create an alternative soundtrack for the film.[12] Other lyrics were inspired the band's past experiences with drug abuse. Gillespie described the album as "an anarcho-syndicalist speedfreak road movie record!"[12] The first single released from the album, "Kowalski", was released in May, 1997, and reached number 8 on the British charts.[13] The album, titled Vanishing Point after the film, was released in July and revitalized the band's commercial viability. It received almost unanimously positive reviews upon release, Entertainment Weekly calling it a "swirling, hypnotic acid-trip",[14] and Musik saying that "this group's place in the history book of late 20th Century music is assured."[15]
The band scheduled a short supporting tour to take place during July. Unfortunately, the band had to postpone the dates. This led to speculation that there were problems within the band, and that one of the members may resign.[1] The band's press agent issued a statement saying "[i]t's not a drugs thing and it's not a nervous breakdown."[1] Before the tour was scheduled to begin, Mulraney left the band and they were forced to use a drum machine. The initial dates were poorly received, but they eventually hired drummer Gavin Mooney and the gigs improved.
[edit] XTRMNTR and Evil Heat (1999 - 2005)
Vanishing Point saw the addition of Kevin Shields of My Bloody Valentine as a third guitarist to the live band. They have since produced XTRMNTR and Evil Heat, within a short period of time with Shields. Shields was never an official member of the band but toured and recorded with them consistently from the late 1990s until 2005.
In June 2005, Primal Scream played a controversial set at the Glastonbury Festival, throughout which Gillespie was playfully abusive to the crowd and was alleged to have made Nazi salutes (during the song 'Swastika Eyes'). They were eventually forced off by officials after overrunning their allotted time; the festival organizers were at that point already annoyed at the band when, in response to their invitation to join other recording artists in signing a Make Poverty History poster which would be auctioned off for charity, lead singer Bobby Gillespie instead altered the poster so that it read "Make Israel History".[16] Gillespie later said that this was merely to show his support for Palestine, and in no way anti-Semitic.[16]
[edit] Riot City Blues and future (2005 - present)
In an interview with NME, Gillespie said that the band had written "euphoric rock n roll songs" for their next album.[17] They intended to capture the energy of their live performances. The band chose Youth as their producer, which led to speculation that they had fallen out with Shields. Although the band themselves admitted that they were unsure of the situation,[17] Shields subsequently joined them on tour.
The album's first single, "Country Girl", was released on May 22, 2006, and received regular airplay in 2006 resulting in a chart entry of number 5, their highest ever.[18] It was also used by the BBC in the closing credits of the Grand National 2007. The album, Riot City Blues, was released in June and reached number five on the UK Album Charts. However, it received mixed reviews: Pitchfork called it "flat and dead",[19] and All Music Guide called it "a refreshingly retro rock & roll album"[20]
In support of the album, the band toured the UK, along with selected dates in Europe. The band released their first DVD, Riot City Blues Tour, in August 2007. The DVD featured clips of the band's performance in London, as well as all their music videos and an interview with Gillespie and Mani.
On the 26 August 2006, bassist Mani was reportedly arrested at the Leeds music festival, after what was said to be a drunken brawl. However, he was soon released and the band's appearance at the festival went ahead. Also around this time, Young left the band to go on "sabbatical",[21] failing to appear on their November 2006 UK tour. It has since been stated by Bobby Gillespie that Young is unlikely to make a return. He has been temporarily replaced by Barrie Cadogan of Little Barrie.
On April 26, 2007 they said on their official MySpace blog that they were working on a new album in their studio. The band released another message on their website stating simply that "the band are currently in the studio working on their next album due for release in 2008."[22] A new song has been premiered at gigs called "Can't Get Back". They also mixed Queens of the Stone Age's track "I'm Designer" (from Era Vulgaris) along with their long-time collaborator Adrian Sherwood, known for his dub remixes.
In mid 2007, Kevin Shields returned to the line up playing during their V Festival appearances. It is unlikely, however, that Shields will return, as My Bloody Valentine have reunited and are currently recording a new album.[23]
[edit] In Popular Culture
Several of their songs have appeared on movie soundtracks including "Trainspotting" in the film Trainspotting, "Miss Lucifer" and "Swastika Eyes" in The Football Factory, "Star" in The Jackal, "Movin' On Up" in Grand Theft Parsons and the game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas (on fictional Alternative station Radio X), and "Come Together" in Human Traffic. Primal Scream also played "Movin' On Up" live for Michael Winterbottom's film 9 Songs.
[edit] Discography
All the chart positions are for the UK.
[edit] Albums
- Sonic Flower Groove (1987) - #62
- Primal Scream (1989) (UK indie #1)
- Screamadelica (1991) - #8
- Give Out But Don't Give Up (1994) - #2
- Vanishing Point (1997) - #2
- XTRMNTR (2000) - #3
- Evil Heat (2002) - #9
- Riot City Blues (2006) - #5
[edit] Remixes and compilations
- Echo Dek (1997) - #43 Remix
- Live In Japan (2003) Live (Japan only)
- Dirty Hits (2003) - #25 Greatest Hits
- Shoot Speed - More Dirty Hits (2004) Rarities (Japan only)
[edit] DVDs
[edit] UK Singles
| Month | Year | Title | UK | Indie | Album |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June | 1985 | "All Fall Down" | - | 14 | - |
| May | 1986 | "Crystal Crescent" / "Velocity Girl" | - | 3 | - |
| June | 1987 | "Gentle Tuesday" | 86 | - | Sonic Flower Groove |
| September | 1987 | "Imperial" | 86 | - | Sonic Flower Groove |
| August | 1989 | "Ivy Ivy Ivy" | 97 | 3 | Primal Scream |
| March | 1990 | "Loaded" | 16 | - | Screamadelica |
| August | 1990 | "Come Together" | 26 | - | Screamadelica |
| June | 1991 | "Higher Than the Sun" | 40 | - | Screamadelica |
| August | 1991 | "Don't Fight It, Feel It" | 41 | - | Screamadelica |
| February | 1992 | "Dixie-Narco EP" | 11 | - | Screamadelica |
| March | 1994 | "Rocks" / "Funky Jam" | 7 | - | Give Out But Don't Give Up |
| June | 1994 | "Jailbird" | 29 | - | Give Out But Don't Give Up |
| December | 1994 | "(I'm Gonna) Cry Myself Blind" | 49 | - | Give Out But Don't Give Up |
| June | 1996 | "The Big Man and the Scream Team Meet the Barmy Army Uptown (with Irvine Welsh and On-U Sound)" | 17 | - | - |
| May | 1997 | "Kowalski" | 8 | - | Vanishing Point |
| June | 1997 | "Star" | 16 | - | Vanishing Point |
| October | 1997 | "Burning Wheel" | 17 | - | Vanishing Point |
| February | 1998 | "If They Move, Kill 'Em" (Limited) | 85 | - | Vanishing Point |
| November | 1999 | "Swastika Eyes" | 22 | - | XTRMNTR |
| March | 2000 | "Kill All Hippies" | 24 | - | XTRMNTR |
| September | 2000 | "Accelerator" | 34 | - | XTRMNTR |
| August | 2002 | "Miss Lucifer" | 22 | - | Evil Heat |
| November | 2002 | "Autobahn 66" | 44 | - | Evil Heat |
| November | 2003 | "Some Velvet Morning (with Kate Moss)" | 44 | - | Dirty Hits |
| May | 2006 | "Country Girl" | 5 | - | Riot City Blues |
| August | 2006 | "Dolls (Sweet Rock n Roll)" | 40 | - | Riot City Blues |
| December | 2006 | "Sometimes I Feel So Lonely" (Limited) | - | - | Riot City Blues |
[edit] US chart singles
| Year | Title | Chart positions | Album | |
| US Modern Rock | US Mainstream Rock | |||
| 1990 | "Loaded" | #19 | - | Screamadelica |
| 1990 | "Come Together" | #13 | - | Screamadelica |
| 1990 | "Movin On Up" | #2 | #28 | Screamadelica |
| 1994 | "Rocks" | #16 | #29 | Give Out But Don't Give Up |
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Michael Bonner (November, 1999). True Adventures of Primal Scream. Uncut. Retrieved on 2007-12-27.
- ^ a b c d e f John Reed (May, 1994). JOHN REED LOOKS BACK OVER THE CAREER OF THE OUTSPOKEN BOBBY GILLESPIE AND HIS BAND, WHO ARE BACK WITH A CONTROVERSIAL NEW ALBUM. Record Collector. Retrieved on 2007-12-27.
- ^ allmusic {{{ Sonic Flower Grover > Overview }}}. Retrieved on December 27, 2007.
- ^ a b Top 40 Singles: 1990
- ^ allmusic {{{ Screamadelica > Overview }}}
- ^ Primal Scream: Screamadelica --Ink Blot Magazine. Retrieved on December 29, 2007
- ^ allmusic {{{ Screamadelica > Charts & Awards > Billboard Albums }}}
- ^ Eamonn Fitzgerald's Rainy Day: The Primal Scream diet
- ^ Top 40 Singles: 1994
- ^ Give Out review. Published in Select. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ allmusic {{{ Give Out But Don't Give Up > Overview }}}. Retrieved on December 31, 2007.
- ^ a b c d Kevin Westinberg (8 May, 1997). Vortex, Drug & Rock n Roll. NME. Retrieved on 2008-01-03.
- ^ Top 40 Singles: 1997
- ^ <Vanishing Point Musik review. Entertainment Weekly (11 July, 1997). Retrieved on 2008-01-03.
- ^ <Vanishing Point review. Musik (August, 1997). Retrieved on 2008-01-03.
- ^ a b Webadelica - A Fucking Nazi
- ^ a b Primal Scream reveal all about new album | News | NME.com. Interviewed on 11 March, 2006.
- ^ Top 40 Singles 2006
- ^ Riot City Blues review
- ^ allmusic {{{ Riot City Blues > Review}}
- ^ [1]
- ^ New Album
- ^ Kevin Shields: MBV Will "100%" Make Another Album
[edit] External links
- Official website (Present era)
- Official website (Award winning site from their XTRMNTR era)
- libentmusic.com (DVD Distribution Partner)
- Webadelica - unofficial fansite
Primal Scream | |
|---|---|
| Bobby Gillespie · Andrew Innes · Martin Duffy · Mani · Darrin Mooney | |
| Former Members | Jim Beattie · Paul Harte · Martin St. John · Stuart May · Tom McGurk · Paul Mulreany · Phillip "Toby" Tomanov · Robert "Throb" Young |
| Studio albums | Sonic Flower Groove · Primal Scream · Screamadelica · Give out But Don't Give Up · Vanishing Point · XTRMNTR · Evil Heat · Riot City Blues |
| Live albums/videos | Live in Japan · Riot City Blues Tour |
| Compilation and remix albums | Echo Dek · Dirty Hits · Shoot Speed - More Dirty Hits |
| Record labels | Creation · Elevation · Sony · B-Unique |
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