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Person of the Year)
Person of the Year is an annual issue of United States newsmagazine Time that features a profile on the man, woman, couple, group, idea, place, or machine that "for better or for worse, ...has done the most to influence the events of the year."[1]
[edit] History
The tradition of selecting a Man of the Year began in 1927, when Time editors contemplated what they could write about during a slow news week. Primarily, they sought to remedy an editorial embarrassment from earlier that year when the magazine did not put aviator Charles Lindbergh on its cover following his historic trans-Atlantic flight.[2] At the end of the year, they came up with the idea of a cover story about Lindbergh being the Man of the Year.
Since then, a person, group of people (either a team of select individuals or a demographic category), or in two special cases, an invention and the planet Earth, has been selected for a special issue at the end of every year. In 1999, the title was changed to Person of the Year in an effort to avoid sexism; however, the only women to win the renamed recognition so far were those recognized as The Whistleblowers (2002) and Melinda Gates (jointly with Bill Gates and Bono in 2005). Four women were granted the title when it was still Man of the Year: Corazon Aquino in 1986, Queen Elizabeth II in 1952, Soong Mei-ling (Madame Chiang Kai-Shek) in 1937 and Wallis Simpson in 1936. Nevertheless, women would also be included in several groups, namely Hungarian Freedom Fighter in 1956, U.S. scientists in 1960, Twenty-Five and Under in 1966, The Middle Americans in 1969, American Women in 1974, The American Soldier in 2003, and You in 2006.
Since 1927, every serving President of the United States has been a Person of the Year at least once with the exceptions of Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover and Gerald Ford.
The December 31, 1999, issue of Time named Albert Einstein the Person of the Century. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Mahatma Gandhi were chosen as runners-up.[3]
[edit] Controversy
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The title is often regarded as being an honor, despite the magazine's frequent statements to the contrary.[4] Some speak of the position of Person of the Year as being a reward or prize, on the grounds that many admirable people have been given the title, and others such as Osama bin Laden have been ignored. Thus, journalists will frequently describe a new person of the year as having joined the ranks of past winners such as Martin Luther King. Yet people such as Adolf Hitler (in 1938) and Joseph Stalin (in 1939 and 1942) have also been granted the title.
There was a massive public backlash in the United States after Time named Ayatollah Khomeini as Man of the Year in 1979.[5] Since then, Time has generally shied away from choosing anti-American figures. Time's Person of the Year 2001 — immediately following the September 11, 2001 attacks — was New York mayor Rudolph Giuliani, although the rules of selection (the individual or group of individuals who have had the biggest effect on the year's news) made Osama bin Laden a more likely choice. The issue which declared Giuliani as Person of the Year included an article that mentioned Time's earlier decision to make Ayatollah Khomeini as Man of the Year in 1979 and the 1999 rejection of Hitler as Person of the Century. The article seemed to imply that Osama bin Laden was a stronger candidate than Giuliani for Person of the Year and Hitler was a stronger candidate than Albert Einstein for Person of the Century, but they were not ultimately selected due to what the magazine described as their negative influence on history. There was also some controversy during the 1998 poll, when wrestler Mick Foley dominated the vote, receiving over 50% of the vote, before his name was removed.
Another criticised choice was the 2006 selection of You, representing most if not all people for advancing the information age by using the Internet (via blogs, YouTube and MySpace). The Daily Show's Jon Stewart referred to the selection as a joke[citation needed], and Slate labeled the selection as just stupid.[citation needed] However, several other selections have contained large groups, if more discriminate. Stephen Colbert joked that when he received his copy of Time in the mail, he thought Time had picked him as the Man of the Year and sent him a personalized copy just for him.[citation needed]
[edit] Persons of the Year
| Year
| Choice
| Lifetime
| Notes
|
| 1927
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Charles Lindbergh
| 1902 – 1974
| First and youngest person chosen
|
| 1928
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Walter Chrysler
| 1875 – 1940
|
|
| 1929
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Owen D. Young
| 1874 – 1962
|
|
| 1930
| Image:1931 Flag of India.svg Mahatma Gandhi
| 1869 – 1948
| First non-American person chosen
|
| 1931
| Image:Flag of France.svg Pierre Laval
| 1883 – 1945
|
|
| 1932
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Franklin D. Roosevelt
| 1882 – 1945
| First president-elect chosen
|
| 1933
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Hugh Samuel Johnson
| 1882 – 1942
|
|
| 1934
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Franklin D. Roosevelt
| 1882 – 1945
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 1935
| Image:1897 Ehiopia flag.svg Haile Selassie I
| 1892 – 1975
| First monarch chosen; First black person chosen
|
| 1936
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg/Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Wallis Simpson
| 1896 – 1986
| First female chosen
|
| 1937
| Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Chiang Kai-shek & Soong May-ling
| 1887 – 1975 & 1897 - 2003
| First couple chosen
|
| 1938
| Image:Flag of Germany 1933.svg Adolf Hitler
| 1889 – 1945
| The only issue where chosen individual was not pictured on cover
|
| 1939
| Image:Flag of the Soviet Union 1923.svg Joseph Stalin
| 1878 – 1953
|
|
| 1940
| Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Winston Churchill
| 1874 – 1965
|
|
| 1941
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Franklin D. Roosevelt
| 1882 – 1945
| 3rd time chosen
|
| 1942
| Image:Flag of the Soviet Union 1923.svg Joseph Stalin
| 1878 – 1953
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 1943
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg George Marshall
| 1880 – 1959
|
|
| 1944
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Dwight D. Eisenhower
| 1890 – 1969
|
|
| 1945
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Harry S. Truman
| 1884 – 1972
|
|
| 1946
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg James F. Byrnes
| 1879 – 1972
|
|
| 1947
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg George Marshall
| 1880 – 1959
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 1948
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Harry S. Truman
| 1884 – 1972
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 1949
| Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Winston Churchill
| 1874 – 1965
| Man of the Half-Century; 2nd time chosen
|
| 1950
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg The American Fighting-Man
|
| Representing Korean War troops; first abstract chosen
|
| 1951
| Image:Iran flag with emblem 1964-1979.png Mohammed Mossadegh
| 1882 – 1967
|
|
| 1952
| Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Elizabeth II
| b. 1926
|
|
| 1953
| Image:Flag of Germany.svg Konrad Adenauer
| 1876 – 1967
|
|
| 1954
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg John Foster Dulles
| 1888 – 1959
|
|
| 1955
| Image:US flag 48 stars.svg Harlow Curtice
| 1893 – 1962
|
|
| 1956
| Image:Flag of Hungary 1949-1956.gif Hungarian Freedom Fighter
|
| Abstract choice
|
| 1957
| Image:Flag of the Soviet Union 1955.svg Nikita Khrushchev
| 1894 – 1971
|
|
| 1958
| Image:Flag of France.svg Charles de Gaulle
| 1890 – 1970
|
|
| 1959
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Dwight D. Eisenhower
| 1890 – 1969
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 1960
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg U.S. Scientists
|
| Represented by Linus Pauling, Isidor Rabi, Edward Teller, Joshua Lederberg, Donald A. Glaser, Willard Libby, Robert Woodward, Charles Draper, William Shockley, Emilio Segrè, John Enders, Charles Townes, George Beadle, James Van Allen and Edward Purcell
|
| 1961
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg John F. Kennedy
| 1917 – 1963
|
|
| 1962
| Image:Flag of the Vatican City.svg Image:Flag of Italy.svg Pope John XXIII
| 1881 – 1963
| First Pope chosen
|
| 1963
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Martin Luther King, Jr.
| 1929 – 1968
|
|
| 1964
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Lyndon B. Johnson
| 1908 – 1973
|
|
| 1965
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg William Westmoreland
| 1914 – 2005
|
| 1966
| The Generation Twenty-Five and Under
|
| Abstract choice
|
| 1967
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Lyndon B. Johnson
| 1908 – 1973
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 1968
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg The Apollo 8 astronauts
|
| Represented by Frank Borman, Jim Lovell & William Anders
|
| 1969
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg The Middle Americans
|
| Abstract choice
|
| 1970
| Image:Flag of Germany.svg Willy Brandt
| 1913 – 1992
|
|
| 1971
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Richard Nixon
| 1913 – 1994
|
|
| 1972
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Richard Nixon
| 1913 – 1994
| 2nd time chosen
|
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Henry Kissinger
| b. 1923
|
|
| 1973
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg John Sirica
| 1904 – 1992
|
|
| 1974
| Image:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg King Faisal
| 1906 – 1975
|
|
| 1975
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg American women
| 1776 – 1974
| Represented by Betty Ford, Carla Hills, Ella Grasso, Barbara Jordan, Susie Sharp, Jill Conway, Billie Jean King, Susan Brownmiller, Addie Wyatt, Kathleen Byerly, Carol Sutton and Alison Cheek
|
| 1976
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Jimmy Carter
| b. 1924
|
|
| 1977
| Image:Flag of Egypt 1972.svg Anwar Sadat
| 1918 – 1981
|
|
| 1978
| Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Deng Xiaoping
| 1904 – 1997
|
|
| 1979
| Image:Flag of Iran.svg Ayatollah Khomeini
| 1902 – 1989
| Leader of the Islamic Revolution that overthrew the Shah of Iran.
|
| 1980
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Ronald Reagan
| 1911 – 2004
|
|
| 1981
| Image:Flag of Poland.svg Lech Wałęsa
| b. 1943
| Leader of the Solidarity movement in Poland.
|
| 1982
| The Computer
|
| Machine of the Year; first non-human abstract chosen
|
| 1983
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Ronald Reagan
| 1911 – 2004
| 2nd time chosen
|
| Image:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Yuri Andropov
| 1914 – 1984
|
|
| 1984
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Peter Ueberroth
| b. 1937
|
|
| 1985
| Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Deng Xiaoping
| 1904 – 1997
| 2nd time chosen; Oldest Person Chosen
|
| 1986
| Image:Flag of the Philippines (light blue).svg Corazon Aquino
| b. 1933
|
|
| 1987
| Image:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Mikhail Gorbachev
| b. 1931
|
|
| 1988
| Endangered Earth
|
| Planet of the Year; abstract choice
|
| 1989
| Image:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Mikhail Gorbachev
| b. 1931
| Man of the Decade; 2nd time chosen;
|
| 1990
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg George H. W. Bush
| b. 1924
| Bush was referred to as The Two George Bushes — this is not a reference to George W. Bush but to how George H.W. Bush was complimented for international affairs and criticized for domestic affairs (including for his quote "Read my lips: no new taxes.")[6]
|
| 1991
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Ted Turner
| b. 1938
|
|
| 1992
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Bill Clinton
| b. 1946
|
|
| 1993
| Image:Flag of South Africa 1928-1994.svg Image:Flag of Israel.svg Image:Flag of Palestine.svg The Peacemakers
|
| Represented by Nelson Mandela, F.W. de Klerk, Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin
|
| 1994
| Image:Flag of the Vatican City.svg Image:Flag of Poland.svg Pope John Paul II
| 1920 – 2005
| 2nd Pope chosen
|
| 1995
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Newt Gingrich
| b. 1943
|
|
| 1996
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg/Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg David Ho
| b. 1952
|
|
| 1997
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Andy Grove
| b. 1936
|
|
| 1998
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Bill Clinton
| b. 1946
| 2nd time chosen
|
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Kenneth Starr
| b. 1946
|
|
| 1999
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Jeffrey P. Bezos
| b. 1964
|
|
| 2000
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg George W. Bush
| b. 1946
| First relative of a former winner chosen
|
| 2001
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Rudolph Giuliani
| b. 1944
|
|
| 2002
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg The Whistleblowers
|
| Represented by Cynthia Cooper of WorldCom, Sherron Watkins of Enron, and Coleen Rowley of the FBI
|
| 2003
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg The American Soldier
|
| 2nd time chosen; abstract choice
|
| 2004
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg George W. Bush
| b. 1946
| 2nd time chosen
|
| 2005
| Image:Flag of the United States.svg Image:Flag of Ireland.svg The Good Samaritans
|
| Represented by Bono and Bill & Melinda Gates
|
| 2006
| You
|
| You control the Information Age; abstract choice
|
| 2007
| Image:Flag of Russia.svg Vladimir Putin[7]
| b. 1952
|
|
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Time, Person of the Year: 75th Anniversary Celebration, Special Collector's Edition, Time Books, 2002. Quoted from the back of the book.
- ^ Time, Person of the Year: 75th Anniversary Celebration, Special Collector's Edition, p. 1.
- ^ Golden, Frederic. "Person of the Century: Albert Einstein", Time, 2000-01-03. (English)
- ^ Time, Person of the Year: 75th Anniversary Celebration, Special Collector's Edition, pp. 2, 79.
- ^ Time, Person of the Year: 75th Anniversary Celebration, Special Collector's Edition, p. 79.
- ^ Time, Person of the Year: 75th Anniversary Celebration, Special Collector's Edition, p. 95.
- ^ "Time announces Vladimir Putin Man of the Year on Today Show", Today Show, 19 December 2007.
[edit] External links
el:Πρόσωπο της Χρονιάς (περιοδικό TIME)
eo:Persono de la jaro
fa:شخص سال
fr:Personnalité de l'année selon Time Magazine
he:איש השנה של השבועון טיים
hu:Az év embereinek listája
no:Årets person (Time)
pl:Człowiek Roku tygodnika Time
pt:Pessoa do Ano
sr:Особа године
fi:Vuoden henkilö
sv:Årets person (Time)
th:บุคคลแห่งปีของนิตยสารไทม์
zh-yue:時代年度風雲人物
zh:時代年度風雲人物
ru:Человек года (по версии журнала Тайм)
