Palatal nasal

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IPA – number	118
IPA – text	ɲ
IPA – image	Image:Xsampa-J.png
Entity	ɲ
X-SAMPA	J
Kirshenbaum	n^
Sound sample (help·info)

The palatal nasal is a type of consonant, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɲ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J. The IPA symbol is a lowercase letter n with a leftward-pointing tail protruding from the bottom of the left stem of the letter. Compare n and ɲ. The symbol ɲ should not be confused with ɳ, the symbol for the retroflex nasal, which has a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of the right stem, or with ŋ, the symbol for the velar nasal, which has a leftward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of the right stem. In languages influenced by Spanish, this sound is represented with the letter eñe (ñ).

Contents 1 Features 2 Occurrence 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 See also

[edit] Features

Features of the palatal nasal:

• Its manner of articulation is stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
• Its place of articulation is palatal which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate.
• Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
• It is a nasal consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the nose.
• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

[edit] Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Albanian		një	[ɲə]	'one'
Catalan		bany	[baɲ]	'bath'	See Catalan phonology
Croatian		konj	[koɲ]	'horse'
Czech		kůň	[kuːɲ]	'horse'	See Czech phonology
Dinka		nyɔt	[ɲɔt]	'very'
English		onion	[ˈʌɲən]	'onion'	Some dialects. See English phonology
French		montagne	[mɔ̃taɲ]	mountain'	See French phonology
Galician		año	[ˈaɲo]	'lamb'
Greek		Πρωτοχρονιά	[pro̞to̞xro̞ˈɲa]	'New Year's Day'	See Modern Greek phonology
Hungarian		lány	[laːɲ]	'girl'	See Hungarian phonology
Indonesian		banyak	[baɲak]	'a lot'
Italian		bagno	[baɲɲo]	'bath'	See Italian phonology
Malayalam		ഞാൻ	[ɲan]	'I'
Norwegian	Northern dialects	vann	[vɑɲː]	'water'	See Norwegian phonology
Occitan	Northern and Southern	Polonha	[puˈluɲo]	'Poland'
	Gascon	banh	[baɲ]	'bath'
Polish		słoń	[swɔɲ]	'elephant'	See Polish phonology
Portuguese		anho	[ˈɐɲu]	'lamb'	See Portuguese phonology
Scottish Gaelic		seinn	[ʃeiɲ]	'sing'
Serbian		коњ/konj	[koɲ]	'horse'
Slovak		pečeň	[ˈpɛtʃɛɲ]	'liver'
Spanish[1]		enseñar	[e̞nse̞ˈɲar]	'to teach'	See Spanish phonology
Vietnamese		nhai	[ɲaɪ]	'to chew'	See Vietnamese phonology

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Ana Ma. Fernández-Planas & Josefina Carrera-Sabaté (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255-259

[edit] See also

• List of phonetics topics

Consonants (List, table)	See also: IPA, Vowels
Pulmonics Bilabial Lab'den. Dental Alveolar Postalv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn. Epiglottal Glottal Non-pulmonics and other symbols Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǁ ǃ ǂ Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Implo­­sives  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ Fricatives  ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Ejec­­tives  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ Approximants  ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Other laterals  ɺ ɫ Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Co-articulated approximants  ʍ w ɥ Flaps & Taps • ѵ ɾ ɽ • Co-articulated fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ Lat. Fricatives ɬ ɮ • • • Affricates  t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ Lat. Appr'mants l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible.

bn:তালব্য নাসিক্যধ্বনি

br:Kensonenn staon dre fri mouezhiet cs:Palatální nazála de:Stimmhafter palataler Nasal fr:Consonne occlusive nasale palatale voisée hr:Palatalni nazal ko:경구개 비음 it:Nasale palatale ja:硬口蓋鼻音 no:Palatal nasal pl:Spółgłoska nosowa środkowojęzykowo-podniebienna pt:Nasal palatal ru:Палатальный носовой согласный sv:Palatal nasal