Maxilla

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Bone: Maxilla
Image:Gray189.png
Side view. Maxilla visible at bottom left, in green.
Image:Gray190.png
Front view. Maxilla visible at center, in yellow.
Gray's	subject #38 157
Precursor	1st branchial arch[1]
MeSH	Maxilla
Dorlands/Elsevier	m_05/12517279

The maxilla (plural: maxillae) is a fusion of two bones along the palatal fissure that form the upper jaw. This is similar to the mandible, which is also a fusion of two halves at the mental symphysis.

Contents 1 Function 2 Components 3 Articulations 4 Additional images 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

[edit] Function

The alveolar process of the maxilla holds the upper teeth, and is referred to as the maxillary arch. The maxilla attaches laterally to the zygomatic bones (cheek bones).

The maxilla assists in forming the boundaries of three cavities:

• the roof of the mouth
• the floor and lateral wall of the nasal antrum
• the floor of the orbit

The maxilla also enters into the formation of two fossae: the infratemporal and pterygopalatine, and two fissures, the inferior orbital and pterygomaxillary.

[edit] Components

Each half of the fused maxilla consists of:

• The body of the maxilla
• Four processes
  • The zygomatic process
  • The frontal process
  • The alveolar process
  • The palatine process
• Infraorbital foramen

[edit] Articulations

The maxilla articulates with nine bones:

• two of the cranium: the frontal and ethmoid
• seven of the face: the nasal, zygomatic, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, palatine, vomer, and the adjacent fused maxillary bone.

Sometimes it articulates with the orbital surface, and sometimes with the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid.

[edit] Additional images

Orbital bones.png The seven bones which articulate to form the orbit.	Illu facial bones.jpg Facial bones.	Gray157.png Left maxilla. Outer surface.	Gray158.png Left maxilla. Nasal surface.
Gray159.png Left maxillary sinus opened from the exterior.	Gray160.png The bony palate and alveolar arch.	Gray164.png Sphenoid bone visible center right.	Gray167.png Articulation of left palatine bone with maxilla.
Gray995.png Side view of the teeth and jaws.

[edit] See also

• Bone terminology
• Terms for anatomical location
• Ossification of maxilla
• Hypostome
• Maxillofacial surgery

[edit] References

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2007)

[edit] External links

• SUNY Labs 22:os-1901

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

v • d • e The Bones which form the Orbit
Frontal bone • Zygomatic bone • Maxillary bone • Sphenoid bone • Ethmoid bone • Palatine bone • Lacrimal bone	Image:Orbital bones.png

v • d • e Bones of head and neck: the face
maxilla	Body of maxilla - Maxillary sinus - surfaces of body Anterior (Incisive fossa, Canine fossa, Infraorbital foramen, Anterior nasal spine) - Infratemporal (Alveolar canals, Maxillary tuberosity) - Orbital (Infraorbital groove, Infraorbital canal) - Nasal (Pterygopalatine canal) processes Zygomatic process - Frontal process (Agger nasi, Anterior lacrimal crest) - Alveolar process - Palatine process (Incisive foramen, Incisive canals, Foramina of Scarpa, Premaxilla, Anterior nasal spine)
lacrimal	Posterior lacrimal crest - Lacrimal groove
zygomatic	Orbital process - foramina (Zygomaticofacial, Zygomaticotemporal, Zygomaticoörbital)
palatine	Pterygopalatine fossa - Pterygoid fossa Horizontal plate (Posterior nasal spine) - Perpendicular plate (Pterygopalatine canal, Sphenopalatine foramen, Pyramidal process) processes (Orbital - Sphenoidal)
mandible	body (Symphysis menti, Mental protuberance, Mental foramen, Mental spine, Mylohyoid line) ramus (Mandibular foramen, Mylohyoid groove, Mandibular canal, Angle, Coronoid process, Condyloid process, Mandibular notch)
others	nasal bone - inferior nasal conchae (ethmoidal process, maxillary process) - vomer

bs:Gornja vilica

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