Sea of Marmara
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Sea of Marmara (Turkish: Marmara Denizi, Greek: Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά or Προποντίς, Bulgarian: Мраморно море), also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, and in the context of classical antiquity as Propontis (Greek: Προποντίς), is the inland sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating the Asian part of Turkey from its European part. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Black Sea and the Dardanelles strait to the Aegean. The former also separates Istanbul into its Asian side and European side. The Sea has an area of 11,350 km².
The salinity of the sea averages about 22 parts per thousand, which is slightly greater than that of the Black Sea but only about two-thirds that of the oceans. However, sea-bottom waters are much more saline, averaging salinities of around 38 parts per thousand — similar to that of the Mediterranean Sea. This high-density saline water, like that of the Black Sea itself, does not migrate to the surface. Water from the Granicus, Susurluk, Biga and Gonen Rivers also reduces the salinity of the sea, though with less influence than on the Black Sea. Almost all of these rivers flow from Anatolia: very little land in Thrace drains southward.
There are two major island groups known as the Prince's and Marmara islands. The latter group is rich in sources of marble and gives the sea its name (Greek marmaro, marble). A notable island located in this sea is İmralı, where Abdullah Öcalan is imprisoned.
During a storm on December 29 1999, the Russian oil tanker Volgoneft broke in two in the Sea of Marmara, and more than 1500 tonnes of oil were spilled into the water.
The North Anatolian fault, which has triggered many major earthquakes in recent years, such as the İzmit Earthquake of 1999, runs under the sea.
The ancient name Propontis derives from pro (before) and pont- (sea): the Greeks sailed through the Propontis to reach the Black Sea. In Greek mythology, a storm on Propontis brought the Argonauts back to an island they had left, precipitating a battle where either Jason or Heracles killed King Cyzicus, who mistook them for his Pelasgian enemies.[1]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Adiyamanli.org, Turkey - Sea of Marmara
- Encyclopedia Britannica
- SCIENCE FOCUS - SeaWiFS, Sea of Marmara: Where Ancient Myth and Modern Science Mix
ar:بحر مرمرة az:Mərmərə dənizi bs:Mramorno more br:Mor Marmara bg:Мраморно море ca:Mar de Màrmara cv:Мрамор тинĕсĕ cs:Marmarské moře da:Marmarahavet de:Marmarameer et:Marmara el:Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά es:Mar de Mármara eo:Marmora Maro eu:Marmara itsasoa fa:دریای مرمره fr:Mer de Marmara gl:Mar de Mármara ko:마르마라 해 hr:Mramorno more id:Laut Marmara is:Marmarahaf it:Mar di Marmara he:ים השיש ka:მარმარილოს ზღვა sw:Bahari ya Marmara lv:Marmora jūra lt:Marmuro jūra hu:Márvány-tenger nl:Zee van Marmara ja:マルマラ海 no:Marmarahavet oc:Mar de Marmara pl:Morze Marmara pt:Mar de Mármara ro:Marea Marmara ru:Мраморное море sk:Marmarské more sl:Marmarsko morje sr:Мраморно море sh:Mramorno more fi:Marmaranmeri sv:Marmarasjön vi:Biển Marmara tr:Marmara Denizi uk:Мармурове море ur:بحیرہ مرمرہ zh:马尔马拉海
