List of historical unrecognized countries

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Contents 1 Historic unrecognized or partially recognized states with de facto control over their territory 1.1 Europe 1.2 Asia 1.3 Africa 1.4 Americas 1.5 Oceania 2 Historic unrecognized or partially recognized governments with de facto control over their territory 3 References

[edit] Historic unrecognized or partially recognized states with de facto control over their territory

Note: The tables could be sorted alphabetically or chronologically using the "><" icon.

[edit] Europe

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Image:Flag of the Republic of Alsace-Lorraine.svg Alsace-Lorraine	1918	Part of France
Banat Republic	1918	Part of Romania, Serbia, and Hungary
Baranya-Baja Republic	1921	Part of Hungary and Croatia
Image:Flag of the Soviet Union Backside.svg Bavarian Soviet Republic	1919	Part of Germany
Image:Flag of Belarus 1991.svg Belarusian People's Republic	1918	Independent Belarus
Image:Carpatho-ukraine 1939 flag.PNG Carpatho-Ukraine	1939	Part of Ukraine
Image:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg Chechnya	1996-1999	Part of Russia	See also Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Image:Flag of Connacht.svg Republic of Connaught	1798	Part of the Republic of Ireland	French client republic
Image:Flag of Corsica.svg Corsican Republic	1755-1769	Part of France	Seceded from Republic of Genoa
Image:Flag of Corsica.svg Anglo-Corsican Kingdom	1794-1796	Part of France	British protectorate under George III
Image:Flag of Croatia Ustasa.svg Independent State of Croatia	1941-1945	Now two independent states Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina	Nazi Germany puppet state. Between 1945 and 1991, Croatia was a people's/socialist republic within Yugoslavia.
Image:Herzeg Bosnia1993.gif Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia	1992-1994	Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Republic of Goust		Part of France[1]
Image:Flag of Gagauzia.svg Gagauzia	1990-1994	Part of Moldova
Image:Flag of the Soviet Union Backside.svg Hungarian Soviet Republic	1919	Part of Hungary, Slovakia and Romania
Image:Flag of Idel-Ural State.svg Idel-Ural State	1917-1918	Part of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan (Russia)	Suppressed by Red Army.
Image:Flag of Ireland.svg Irish Republic	1919-1922	Divided into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland
Limerick Soviet	1919	Part of Ireland	State founded due to strike in Ireland 1919
Image:Flag of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.svg Southern Ireland	1922	Became the Republic of Ireland
Lajtabánság	1921	Part of Austria and Hungary
Image:Flag of Menton and Roquebrune.gif Menton and Roquebrune	1848-1861	Part of France	Seceded from Monaco, sought protection of the Kingdom of Sardinia
Image:Mirdita republic.gif Republic of Mirdita	1921	Part of Albania
Image:Flag of Munster.svg Munster Republic	1922	Part of Republic of Ireland
Mura Republic (in Slovenian Murska Republika)	1919	Part of Slovenia[2]	Existed for 6 days.
Image:Pindus-Macedonian.flag.png Principality of Pindus and Voivodship of Macedonia	1941-1944	Part of Greece
Image:Flag of Serbian Krajina (1991).svg Republic of Serbian Krajina	1991-1995	Part of Croatia
Image:Flag of Republika Srpska.svg Serbian Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina	1992-1995	One of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Image:Flag of the Soviet Union Backside.svg Slovak Soviet Republic	1919	Part of Slovakia
Image:Flag of First Slovak Republic 1939-1945.svg First Slovak Republic	1939-1945	Part of Slovakia	Between 1939-1945, First Slovak Republic was a puppet state of Nazi Germany.
Image:Flag of Tavolara.gif Tavolara	1836-1962?	Part of Italy[3]	Recognized by the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Kingdom of Italy; acknowledged by Queen Victoria.
Image:Flag of UNR.svg Ukrainian People's Republic	1917-1919	Part of Ukraine
Image:Flag of Ukraine.svg West Ukrainian National Republic	1918-1919	Part of Ukraine
Republic of Užice	1941	Part of Serbia
Image:Westernbosniaflag.gif Republic of West Bosnia	1993-1995	Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina

[edit] Asia

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Image:Flag of Ajara, 2000-2004.svg Adjara	1991-2005	Now part of Georgia	De facto self-governing
Image:AzadHindFlag.png Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind	1942-1945	Part of India	The Provisional Government of Free India was recognized by 9 nations. Its sovereignty was limited to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of northeast India.
Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Wang Jingwei Government	1940-1945	Part of China	Puppet government dissolved at the end of World War II.
Image:EzoFlag.jpg Republic of Ezo	1868-1869	Part of Japan	Short-lived secessionist state
Image:Philippines flag original.png República Filipina	1899-1901	Now independent as Philippines	Declared independence in 1898 but was annexed by the United States after the Philippine-American War
Image:1895Flag of Taiwan.jpg Republic of Formosa	1895	Now de facto independent as Republic of China (Taiwan)	Declared independence upon cession of Taiwan to Japan following First Sino-Japanese War
Image:KNOFLAG.PNG Kachin State	1962-1994	Part of Myanmar	It is now "Kachin State Special Region #1", officially still a part of the Union of Myanmar but de facto controlled by KIO.
Image:Flag of kurdistan-1922 1924.svg Kingdom of Kurdistan	1921-1924	Now part of Iraq
Image:FlagofRepublicofArarat.GIF Republic of Ararat	1927-1930	Now part of Turkey
Image:Flag of Kurdistan.svg Republic of Mahabad	1946-1947	Now part of Iran
Image:Flag of Kurdistan.svg Kurdish Autonomous Region	1991-2003	Officially recognized as being a part of the federal Iraqi structure under the name Iraqi Kurdistan	A formerly de facto independent state in Northern Iraq.
Image:Flag of Manchukuo.svg Manchukuo	1932-1945	Part of China and Mongolia	Puppet government dissolved at the end of World War II
Image:Flag of Nakhchivan.svg Nakhchivan	1990	Now part of Azerbaijan
Image:Flag of Aceh.svg Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam	?-1904.	Now part of Indonesia
Image:Philippines flag original.png Cantonal Republic of Negros	1898-1901	Now part of the Philippines.	Declared independence and later was recognized by the United States, however the government was dissolved by the Americans in 1901.
Image:Flag of South Moluccas.svg Republic of South Moluccas	1950	Now part of Indonesia
Image:Flag of the United Suvadive Republic.svg Suvadive Islands	1959-1963	Now part of the Maldives
Image:Flag of the Talysh-Mughan Republic.svg Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic	1993	Now part of Azerbaijan
Image:Flag of Tibet.svg Tibet	1913-1951	China invaded Tibet in 1951 and the current Dalai Lama acknowledged Chinese sovereignty in the Seventeen Point Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet, but this treaty was later repudiated in 1959.[4]	A unified Tibetan empire was created in the 8th century, but fell apart a century later. In the 13th century, Tibet was an autonomous state within the Mongol empire. In the 18th and 19th century, China's Manchu emperors were patrons and allies of the Dalai Lamas, Tibet's religious and political leaders. In 1913, Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama of Tibet declared independence.[5]
Image:Flag of the Transcaucasian Federation.svg Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic	February – May 1918	Now Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia
Image:Flag of Tuva.svg Tuva	1921-1944	Now part of Russia
Image:West Melanesia Flag.PNG Republic of West Melanesia	1984	Now part of Indonesia
Image:Flag of West Papua.svg Republic of West Papua	1963	Now part of Indonesia

[edit] Africa

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Image:Anjouanflag.svg Anjouan Anjouan	1997-2002	Now part of Comoros
Image:FlagofBophuthatswana.png Bophuthatswana, Image:Flag of Ciskei.svg Ciskei, Image:Flag of Transkei.svg Transkei, Image:Flag of Venda.svg Venda	1977-1994, 1981-1994, 1976-1994, 1979-1994	Now all part of South Africa	Former apartheid Bantustan homelands, formed and only recognized by South Africa
Image:Flag of Biafra.svg Biafra	1967-1970	Part of Nigeria	Controlled territory in eastern Nigeria, recognized by 12[citation needed] nations
Image:Flag of Jubaland.svg Jubaland	1998-2001	Now part of Southwestern Somalia
Image:Flag of Katanga.svg Katanga	1960-1964	Part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo	controlled the state of the same name within the former Belgian Congo after decolonisation
Image:Flag of Mohéli.svg Mohéli	1997-1998	Now part of Comoros
Image:Rhodesia Flag.png Rhodesia	1965-1980	Now Zimbabwe	British Colony that unilaterally declared independence
Image:Rwenzururu flag.png Kingdom of Rwenzururu	1963-82	Now part of Uganda	Was based in the Rwenzori Mountains between Uganda and Congo
Image:Flag of Lado.svg Lado Kingdom	1864-1947	Now part of Sudan	Founded in 1864, divided by colonial Britain between Uganda, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Image:Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg Republic of the Rif	1921-1926	Part of Morocco	Founded in September 1921, when the people of the Rif (the Riffians) revolted and declared their independence from Spanish Morocco. It was dissolved by Spanish and French forces on 27 May 1926.

[edit] Americas

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Image:Bandeira do Acre.svg Independent State of Acre	1899-1903	Now part of Brazil
Image:Flag of the Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia.svg Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia	1860-1878	Now part of Argentina and Chile	Short-lived kingdom created by Orelie-Antoine de Tounens
Image:Flag of the Republic of Canada.svg Republic of Canada	1837–1838	Now part of Canada	Provisional government founded on Navy Island along the Niagara River in present day Ontario, by William Lyon Mackenzie. He and his followers fled after the destruction of the Caroline under fire from British forces.
State of Franklin	1784-1789?	Now part of the United States	Located within what is now the northeast of Tennessee
Image:Flag of the Patriote movement (Lower Canada).svg Republic of Lower Canada	1838	Now Quebec, part of Canada
Image:Flag of California.svg California Republic	1846	Now part of the United States	Was also known as Bear Flag Republic
Image:Confederate National Flag since Mar 4 1865.svg Confederate States of America	1861-1865	Now part of the United States	Originally formed by seven slave states (South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Texas, and Louisiana). After the American Civil War began, the states of Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky and North Carolina joined. Recognized by some nations as a "belligerent power".
Image:Bonnieblue.svg Free and Independent Republic of West Florida	1810	Now part of the United States	Short-lived republic consisting of parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida and Alabama.
Republic of Indian Stream	1832-1835	Now part of the United States	Within the state of New Hampshire
Image:República Juliana (1839).svg Juliana Republic	1839	Part of Brazil	Today's Santa Catarina
Image:Flag of the Creek Nation.svg State of Muskogee	1799-1803	Part of the United States	A short-lived Native American state in Florida; consisted of several tribes of Creeks and Seminoles.
Republic of New Iceland	1875-1887	Now part of Canada	At Gimli, Manitoba, Icelandic settlers established the republic, with the largest Icelandic population outside of Iceland and located on the shores of Lake Winnipeg.[6]
Image:Flag of Piratini Republic.svg Piratini Republic	1836-1845	Part of Brazil	Today's Rio Grande do Sul
Image:Flag of the Republic of Rio Grande.svg Republic of the Río Grande	1840	Now part of the United States and Mexico
Image:Flag of Texas.svg Republic of Texas	1836-1845	Now part of the United States	Five nations recognized this entity
Image:Flag of Vermont Republic.svg Vermont Republic	1777-1791	Now part of the United States	Became the State of Vermont
Image:Republic of Yucatan flag.svg Republic of the Yucatán	1841-1843 & 1846-1848	Part of Mexico

[edit] Oceania

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Franceville	1889	Part of Vanuatu	Its independence guaranteed by France, this community of Melanesian natives and European settlers experimented with universal suffrage until France and Britain intervened in the New Hebrides[7]
Image:Flag of Hawaii.svg Republic of Hawaii	1894-1898	Now part of the United States
Image:Flag of Bougainville.svg Republic of North Solomons (Bougainville)	1990-1997	Part of Papua New Guinea	Signed a peace deal with Papua New Guinea giving the island autonomy pending an independence referendum within a decade
Image:Flag of Rarotonga 1858-1888.svg Kingdom of Rarotonga	1858-1901	Self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand	Became a protectorate of the United Kingdom in 1888. Underwent change of name and changes of flag during existence.
Image:Flag of Rotuma (1987-1988).svg Rotuma	1987-1988	Part of Fiji	This Polynesian-inhabited island which is administered by (Melanesian) Fiji declared its independence from Fiji by separatists after the military coups in Fiji in 1987. It did not have any substantive support.
Image:Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand.svg United Tribes of New Zealand	1835-1840	Now New Zealand	Independence declared in 1835 and became a British colony in 1840
Republic of Vemerana (Espiritu Santo)	1980	Part of Vanuatu	Central power of Vanuatu restored with assistance of army from Papua New Guinea

[edit] Historic unrecognized or partially recognized governments with de facto control over their territory

These regimes had control over the territory of a country for which most other states recognized a different government as being the legitimate government:

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Image:Flag of Taliban.svg Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan	1996-2001	Now Afghanistan	Only three states recognized this entity while the Taliban controlled it. See: History of Afghanistan.
Image:Flag of the People's Republic of Kampuchea.svg People's Republic of Kampuchea	1979-1989	Now Cambodia	Set up by the Vietnamese after their invasion and rout of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia. Only a few Soviet-Bloc nations recognized this entity, while the UN, China, and most other nations recognized the Khmer Rouge's Democratic Kampuchea government.

[edit] References