List of Polish heads of state (1918–present)
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[edit] Head of State (Naczelnik Państwa, 1918-1922)
- Marshal Józef Klemens Piłsudski (14 November 1918 - 14 December 1922) (and de facto ruler of Poland from the coup d'état on 14 May 1926 until his death on 12 May 1935).
[edit] Presidents of the Second Polish Republic (1922-1939)
- Gabriel Narutowicz (14 December - 16 December 1922) (assassinated)
- Maciej Rataj (16 December - 20 December 1922) (1st time, acting)
- Stanisław Wojciechowski (20 December 1922 - 14 May 1926) (deposed in the May Coup)
- Maciej Rataj (15 May - 4 June 1926) (2nd time, acting)
- Ignacy Mościcki (4 June 1926 - 30 September 1939) (in Romania exile from 27 September 1939)
(de facto the Inspector-General of the Polish Armed Forces was the ruler of Poland in the period of authoritarian rule after May Coup):
[edit] Presidents of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1939-1990)
Polish Government in exile was recognized by the United States and the United Kingdom until 6 July 1945
- Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski (September 1939)
- Władysław Raczkiewicz (1939 - 1947)
- August Zaleski (1947 - 1972)
- Stanisław Ostrowski (1972 - 1979)
- Edward Raczyński (1979 - 1986)
- Kazimierz Sabbat (1986 - 1989)
- Ryszard Kaczorowski (1989 - 1990) (resigned after the election of Lech Wałęsa)
[edit] Presidents of the Presidium of the People's Council (1944-1947)
Recognized by the United States and the United Kingdom since 6 July 1945
- Bolesław Bierut (1 January 1944 - 4 February 1947)
- Franciszek Trąbalski (4 February 1947) (Marshal of the Constituent Sejm)
- Władysław Kowalski (4 February - 5 February 1947) (Marshal of the Constituent Sejm)
[edit] Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1944-1989)
(First Secretaries of the Polish United Workers' Party were rulers of state)
- Boleslaw Bierut (1 January 1944 - (20 November 1952
- Aleksander Zawadzki (20 November 1952 - 7 August 1964)
- Edward Ochab
- + Stanislaw Kulczynski
- + Oskar Ryszard Lange
- + Boleslaw Podedworny (acting) (7 August - 12 August 1964)
- Edward Ochab (12 August 1964 - 10 April 1968)
- Marian Spychalski (10 April 1968 - 23 December 1970)
- Józef Cyrankiewicz (23 December 1970 - 28 March 1972)
- Henryk Jabłoński (28 March 1972 - 6 November 1985)
- General Wojciech Jaruzelski (6 November 1985 - 19 July 1989)
[edit] First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party (1943-1989)¹
- Władysław Gomułka (23 November 1943 - 3 September 1948 (1st time)
- Bolesław Bierut (3 September 1948 - 12 March 1956) (December 1948 - March 1954 Chairman Central Committee)
- Edward Ochab (20 March - 21 October 1956)
- Władysław Gomułka (21 October 1956 - 20 December 1970) (2nd time)
- Edward Gierek (20 December 1970 - 6 September 1980)
- Stanisław Kania (6 September 1980 - 18 October 1981)
- General Wojciech Jaruzelski (18 October 1981 - 29 July 1989)
- Mieczysław Rakowski (29 July 1989 - 27 January 1990)
[edit] President of the People's Republic of Poland (1989)
[edit] Presidents of the Third Polish Republic (1989-Present)
Elected by parliament in 1989
Elected in direct election with weak position after implementation of 1997 constitution
- Lech Wałęsa (22 December 1990 - 22 December 1995)
- Aleksander Kwaśniewski (23 December 1995 - 23 December 2005)
- Lech Kaczyński (23 December 2005 - Present)
[edit] Gallery of Polish Presidents
Gabriel narutowicz.jpg
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Stanisław Wojciechowski.PNG
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Ignacy Moscicki.jpg
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Boleslaw Bierut.jpeg
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Wojciech jaruzelski 2006.jpg
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Lech walesa prezydent RP.gif
Lech Walesa (b. 1943) |
Aleksander kwasniewski konferencja.jpg
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Lechkaszynskiprez.jpg
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¹First Secretary of Polish Workers Party until 21st December, 1948; PUWP thereafter.
[edit] See also
- Acting President of the Republic of Poland
- Polish presidential election, 1990
- Polish presidential election, 1995
- Polish presidential election, 2000
- Polish presidential election, 2005
- List of Polish monarchs
Presidents of Poland and non-presidential heads of state since 1918 | |
|---|---|
| Republic of Poland (1918-1939) | Józef Piłsudski (as chief of state) · Gabriel Narutowicz · Maciej Rataj (acting) · Stanisław Wojciechowski · Maciej Rataj (acting) · Ignacy Mościcki |
| Government in Exile (1939-1990) | Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski · Władysław Raczkiewicz · August Zaleski · Council of Three · Stanisław Ostrowski · Edward Raczyński · Kazimierz Sabbat · Ryszard Kaczorowski |
| People's Republic of Poland (1944-1989) | Bolesław Bierut (State National Council President) · Franciszek Trąbalski (acting SNC President) · Władysław Kowalski (acting SNC President) · Bolesław Bierut · Council of State Chairmen: Aleksander Zawadzki · Edward Ochab · Marian Spychalski · Józef Cyrankiewicz · Henryk Jabłoński · Wojciech Jaruzelski (turned into President mid-term) |
| Republic of Poland (since 1989) | Wojciech Jaruzelski · Lech Wałęsa · Aleksander Kwaśniewski · Lech Kaczyński |
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