Largest urban areas of the European Union
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This is a list of all the urban areas of the European Union which have more than 750,000 inhabitants in 2005.
This list is an attempt to present a consistent list of population figures for urban areas in the European Union. Most of the figures here have been compiled by a research group at the University of Avignon, France, using a uniform definition.
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[edit] Important notes
- This is a list of urban areas, not a list of metropolitan areas. Urban areas are contiguous built-up areas where houses are not more than 200 metres apart (discounting rivers, parks, roads, industrial fields, etc.). A metropolitan area is an urban area plus the satellite cities around the urban area and the agricultural land in between. Yet, sometimes the metropolitan area of a city may also be smaller than the urban area. The list below contains for instance the urban area of Lille-Kortrijk. Geographically it may be a continuously built-up area, however both cities speak a different language, belong to different countries and have a different culture and hence there is only limited interaction between both cities. Therefore the metropolitan area of Lille will be smaller than the Lille - Kortrijk urban area. For a ranking of the European metropolitan areas, see Largest European metropolitan areas.
- This is a list of urban areas, not a list of cities. The list below contains for instance the urban area of Lille-Kortrijk. Lille and Kortrijk remain two very distinct cities, each belonging to a different country, culture and language area. For a list of the largest cities of the European Union by population, please see Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits.
- This is not a harmonized list, as the University of Avignon, France, has not calculated each of the urban areas on the list. Unfortunately Eurostat does not calculate the urban areas of the European Union. Yet Eurostat and the European Commission - for the purposes of their urban audits [1] - use the definition of Larger Urban Zone, which defines the area that constitutes the functional city. In addition, Eurostat and the European Commission have defined two further spatial levels, being the City Level and Sub-City District. All National Statistics Offices in the European Union have agreed on these new definitions since 2003. See "Largest cities and metropolitan areas in the European Union (Eurostat)" for a harmonized ranking of cities and metropolitan areas in the European Union using the definitions of Eurostat and the European Commission.
- The study of urban areas is useful to analyze how cities develop, which in turn can be used to define transportation, planning and environmental policies, to adjust administrative boundaries etc. At the same time its limitations have to be acknowledged. It is a purely geographic study and disregards all other factors that contribute to the analyzis of the functional city. For instance, several cities in the European Union such as Brussels and London have introduced green belts which impacts the urban area but not the "perceived city" as these green belts have now become integrated in what people consider to be the functional city. Furthermore the list does not make a difference between cities that have multiple satellites and cities that do not. Therefore two cities with the same demographics for their urban area will have an equal ranking on this list, even if one of the two cities may be much larger as it is the core of a number of satellites.
- Please do not be surprised if you are used to higher figures for the cities listed below. London is sometimes listed with 14 million inhabitants, Stuttgart is frequently listed with 2.2 million inhabitants, Munich with 2 million or more, etc. This is because figures here are only for urban areas, which can be smaller than metropolitan areas. Also do not be surprised if you are used to lower figures for some of the cities listed below as the metropolitan area can be smaller than the urban area. Urban areas can be computed by private people or institutions using maps and looking where the built-up area stops. Metropolitan areas, which imply much more complicated definitions (such as the proportion of people in satellite cities working in the core of the metropolitan area), can be accurately computed only by statistical offices, after they have chosen a definition for metropolitan areas.
[edit] Urban areas of the European Union above 750,000 inhabitants
| Number of Urban Areas (over 750,000) by Country | |
|---|---|
| Image:Flag of France.svg France | 8 (Inc. Lille-Kortrijk) |
| Image:Flag of Germany.svg Germany | 7 |
| Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | 6 (7 if Manchester and Liverpool were separate) |
| Image:Flag of Italy.svg Italy | 4 |
| Image:Flag of Spain.svg Spain | 4 |
| Image:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | 4 |
| Image:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium | 2 (Inc. Lille-Kortrijk) |
| Image:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal | 2 |
| Image:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands | 2 |
| Image:Flag of Greece.svg Greece | 2 |
| Image:Flag of Romania.svg Romania | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | 1 |
| Image:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria | 1 |
| Image:Flag of Ireland.svg Republic of Ireland | 1 |
[edit] Notes
- ^ 75% of these on French territory, 25% on Belgian territory
[edit] EFTA countries
Two European Free Trade Association countries have urban areas that would be included in the list if they were EU member states.
| Rank | Urban Area | Population | Annual change (1990s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (39) Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg | Zürich, Switzerland | 1 144 000[2] | 0.19% |
| 2 (58) Image:Flag of Norway.svg | Oslo, Norway | 802 000[2] | 1.09% |
[edit] Five fastest growing urban areas of the European Union
| This section does not cite any references or sources. Please improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (October 2007) |
| Rank | Urban Area | Annual change (1990s) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Image:Flag of France.svg | Toulouse, France | 1.47% |
| 2 Image:Flag of Finland.svg | Helsinki, Finland | 1.46% |
| 3 Image:Flag of Portugal.svg | Braga, Portugal | 1.28% |
| 4 Image:Flag of Sweden.svg | Stockholm, Sweden | 1.08% |
| 5 Image:Flag of Ireland.svg | Dublin, Republic of Ireland | 0.89% |
[edit] Five fastest declining urban areas of the European Union
| This section does not cite any references or sources. Please improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (October 2007) |
| Rank | Urban Area | Annual change (1990s) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Image:Flag of Latvia.svg | Riga, Latvia | – 1.36% |
| 2 Image:Flag of Italy.svg | Genoa, Italy | – 1.01% |
| 3 Image:Flag of Poland.svg | Katowice, Poland | – 0.95% |
| 3 Image:Flag of Italy.svg | Turin, Italy | – 0.95% |
| 5 Image:Flag of Italy.svg | Rome, Italy | – 0.85% |
[edit] References
Figures without citations were taken from the Geopolis list of urban areas (as tabulated by INSEE).
- ^ "Urban Audit", European Commission, 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Data from United Nations World Urbanization Prospects (2005 revision)
[edit] See also
- Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits
- Largest cities and metropolitan areas in the European Union (Eurostat)
- Largest European metropolitan areas
- List of urban areas by population
[edit] External links
- Population of urban areas provided by UK National Statistics for UK urban areas
- World Urban Areas All urbanized areas 500,000+ and others: Population & Density
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