Kevin Rudd

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The Honourable
 Kevin Michael Rudd 
BA (Hons) MP
Image:KevinRuddZoom.JPG

Incumbent
Assumed office 
3 December 2007
Deputy Julia Gillard
Preceded by John Howard
Incumbent
Assumed office 
4 December 2006
Preceded by Kim Beazley
Incumbent
Assumed office 
3 October 1998
Preceded by Graeme McDougall
Born 21 September 1957 (1957-09-21) (age 51)
Nambour, Queensland, Australia
Political party ALP
Spouse Thérèse Rein
Alma mater Australian National University
Profession Diplomat
Civil servant
Website http://www.pm.gov.au

Kevin Michael Rudd MP (born 21 September 1957) is the 26th Prime Minister of Australia and leader of the federal Australian Labor Party (ALP). Under Rudd's leadership, the Labor Party won the 2007 federal election on 24 November against the incumbent Liberal/National coalition government led by John Howard. He and the rest of the ministry were sworn in by Governor-General Michael Jeffery on 3 December 2007.

Contents

[edit] Early life

Image:M596285.jpg
Kevin Rudd (left), 1974 'Youth Speaks for Australia' contest winner at age 17

Rudd was born in Nambour, Queensland, and grew up on a dairy farm in nearby Eumundi. He boarded at Marist College Ashgrove in Brisbane[1] and was dux of Nambour State High School in 1974.[2] His father, a share farmer and Country Party member, died when Rudd was 11, and the family was compelled to leave the farm under hardship.[3] Rudd joined the Australian Labor Party in 1972, at the age of 15.[4]

Rudd studied at the Australian National University in Canberra, residing at Burgmann College, and graduated with First Class Honours in Arts (Asian Studies). He majored in Chinese language and Chinese history, became proficient in Mandarin, and acquired a Chinese alias, Lù Kèwén (traditional Chinese: 陸克文).[5][6][7][8] His thesis was supervised by the eminent Belgian-Australian Sinologist Pierre Ryckmans.[9] During his studies, Rudd cleaned the house of political commentator Laurie Oakes to earn money.[10] In 1980, he continued his Chinese studies at National Taiwan Normal University in Taipei, Taiwan.[11]

In 1981, Rudd married Thérèse Rein whom he met at a gathering of the Australian Student Christian Movement during his university years, and with whom he has three children: Jessica (born 1984), Nicholas (born 1986) and Marcus (born 1993).[12][13][14][15][16]

[edit] Political provenance

In 1981 Rudd joined the Department of Foreign Affairs, where he served until 1988. He and his wife spent most of the 1980s overseas posted at the Australian embassies in Stockholm, Sweden and later in Beijing, China.

Returning to Australia in 1988, he was appointed Chief of Staff to the Labor Opposition Leader in Queensland, Wayne Goss. He became Chief of Staff to the Premier when the Labor party won office in 1989, a position he held until 1992, when Goss appointed him Director-General of the Office of Cabinet. In this position Rudd was arguably Queensland's most powerful bureaucrat.[9] In this role he presided over a number of reforms including development of a national program for teaching foreign languages in schools. Rudd was influential in both promoting a policy of developing an Asian languages and cultures program which was unanimously accepted by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) in 1992 and later chaired a high level Working Group which provided the foundation of the strategy in its report, which is frequently cited as "the Rudd Report".[17]

When the Goss government lost office in 1995, Rudd was hired as a Senior China Consultant by the accounting firm KPMG Australia. He held this position while unsuccessfully contesting the federal seat of Griffith at the 1996 federal election. At the 1998 election he contested Griffith a second time and won.

[edit] Member of Parliament

Rudd made his first speech to the Australian Parliament on 11 November 1998.[18] His most publicised local cause was opposition to a suggested parallel runway at Brisbane Airport, against which he organised one of Brisbane's largest public demonstrations, receiving massive media coverage. His commitment to the issue reduced when the airport altered its plans with the support of Queensland premier Peter Beattie, removing Rudd's constituency from projected flightpaths and, with the advice of the airport's 3PR adviser, renaming it a "staggered" runway, rendering the Rudd campaign's widely distributed "No Parallel Runway" posters out-of-date. The development received legally binding permission to proceed in 2007 under John Howard's administration.

[edit] Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs (2001-2005)

Image:Rudd4-enhanced.JPG
Kevin Rudd in November 2005

Following his 1998 election success, Rudd was promoted to the Opposition front bench after the 2001 election and appointed Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs. In this role, he strongly criticised the Howard government over its support for the United States in the 2003 invasion of Iraq and subsequent operations there, while maintaining Labor's position of support for the Australian-American alliance.

Well, what Secretary Powell and the US seems to have said is that he now has grave doubts about the accuracy of the case he put to the United Nations about the claim that Iraq possessed biological weapons laboratories - the so-called mobile trailers. And here in Australia, that formed also part of the government's argument on the war. I think what it does is it adds to the fabric of how the Australian people were misled about the reasons for going to war.[19]

Rudd's policy experience and parliamentary performances during the Iraq war made him one of the best-known members of the Labor front bench. When Opposition Leader Simon Crean was challenged by his predecessor Kim Beazley in June, Rudd did not publicly commit himself to either candidate.[20] When Crean finally resigned in late November, Rudd was considered a possible candidate for the Labor leadership,[21] However, Rudd announced that he would not run in the leadership ballot, and would instead vote for Kim Beazley.

Following the election of Mark Latham as Leader, Rudd was expected by some commentators to be demoted or moved as a result of his support for Beazley but he retained his portfolio. Relations between Latham and Rudd deteriorated during 2004, especially after Latham made his pledge to withdraw all Australian forces from Iraq by Christmas 2004 without consulting Rudd.[22] After Latham failed to win the October 2004 federal election, Rudd was again spoken of as a possible alternative leader. He retained his foreign affairs portfolio and disavowed any intention of challenging Latham.

When Latham suddenly resigned, in January 2005, Rudd was visiting Indonesia and refused to say whether he would be a candidate for the Labor leadership.[23] Such a candidacy would have required him to run against Beazley, his factional colleague. "The important thing for me to do is to consult with my colleagues in the party", he said.[24] After returning from Indonesia, Rudd consulted with Labor MPs in Sydney and Melbourne and announced that he would not contest the leadership. Kim Beazley was subsequently elected leader.

In June 2005 Rudd was given expanded responsibilities as the Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Security and, also, the Shadow Minister for Trade.

[edit] Leader of the Opposition

Image:Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard.JPG
Kevin Rudd (right) and Julia Gillard (left) at their first press conference as Leader and Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party, 4 December 2006

In December 2006, with a Newspoll opinion poll indicating voter support for Rudd to be double that for Beazley,[25] he announced his candidacy for the leadership of the Australian Labor Party in a Beazley-announced leadership ballot.[26][27] Fellow Labor MP Julia Gillard ran alongside Rudd for Deputy Leader of the ALP.

The vote took place on Monday 4 December 2006 and saw Rudd elected leader with 49 votes to Beazley's 39, almost exactly three years after the election of Mark Latham to the leadership. Gillard was subsequently elected unopposed as Deputy Leader.[28]

At his first press conference as leader, having thanked Beazley and former deputy leader Jenny Macklin, Rudd said he would offer a "new style of leadership", and would be an "alternative, not just an echo" of the Howard government. He outlined the areas of industrial relations, the war in Iraq, climate change, Australian federalism, social justice, and the future of Australia's manufacturing industry as major policy concerns. Rudd also stressed his long experience in state government, as a diplomat and also in business before entering federal politics.[29]

Rudd and the ALP soon overtook the government in both party and leadership polling. The new leader maintained a high media profile with major announcements on federalism, climate change, broadband Internet and the domestic car industry.

Since 2002, Rudd appeared regularly in interviews and topical discussions on the popular breakfast television program Sunrise, along with federal Liberal MP Joe Hockey. This was credited with helping raise Rudd's public profile.[30] Rudd and Hockey ended these appearances in April 2007 citing the increasing political pressures of an election year.[31] On 21 October, 2007 Rudd presented strongly in a televised debate against incumbent prime minister John Howard.[32]

On August 19 2007, it was revealed that Rudd, with New York Post editor Col Allan and Labor backbencher Warren Snowdon, had briefly visited a strip club in New York in September 2003. When he realised it was a strip club, he left.[33] The incident generated a lot of media coverage, but made no impact on Rudd's popularity in the polls.[34]

[edit] Prime Minister

[edit] The 2007 election campaign

Main article: Australian federal election, 2007

On the evening of 24 November 2007, some fifty weeks since Rudd became Labor leader, John Howard held a late night press conference conceding that the Coalition had lost the right to govern. Shortly afterwards, Rudd made his victory speech as Prime Minister-elect, saying he would "be a Prime Minister for all Australians."[35] Labor's win was coined a 'Ruddslide' by the media.

The next day, Rudd announced he and wife Therese would live in The Lodge, the Prime Minister's official residence in Canberra, and only use Kirribilli House while on official business in Sydney.[36] As foreshadowed during the election campaign, on 29 November Rudd directly chose his frontbench, breaking with more than a century of Labor tradition whereby the frontbench was chosen by party factions.[37][38]

Rudd's election landslide was underpinned by Queensland support which is considered to be "a very conservative state" and the home of Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party. [39][40]

[edit] First term: 2007-present

On 3 December 2007, Rudd was sworn in as Prime Minister by the Governor-General, Major General Michael Jeffery. Unlike his Labor predecessors, Rudd did not swear allegiance to the Queen of Australia directly, but promised instead to "well and truly serve the Commonwealth of Australia and her people."[41]

Kevin Rudd is only the second Queenslander to lead his party to a federal election victory, the only other being Andrew Fisher almost a century earlier, in 1910 (although Fisher had first become Prime Minister in 1908 when the Alfred Deakin government resigned). Queenslanders Arthur Fadden (1941) and Frank Forde (1945) were also Prime Ministers for short periods, but in neither case did they contest an election - in Fadden's case the incumbent Robert Menzies resigned; in Forde's case the incumbent John Curtin died. Rudd is also the first Prime Minister since WWII not to come from either New South Wales or Victoria; the last were Curtin (Western Australia) and Forde in 1945.

Rudd's first official act, on his first day in office, was to sign the instrument of ratification of the Kyoto Protocol.[42]

Kevin Rudd is soon expected to be added to the Prime Minister's Avenue, a collection of busts of all Prime Ministers of Australia, located at the Ballarat Botanical Gardens in Ballarat, Victoria.[43][44]

[edit] Political views

[edit] Economics

In his first speech to parliament, Rudd stated that:
Competitive markets are massive and generally efficient generators of economic wealth. They must therefore have a central place in the management of the economy. But markets sometimes fail, requiring direct government intervention through instruments such as industry policy. There are also areas where the public good dictates that there should be no market at all.

We are not afraid of a vision in the Labor Party, but nor are we afraid of doing the hard policy yards necessary to turn that vision into reality. Parties of the Centre Left around the world are wrestling with a similar challenge—the creation of a competitive economy while advancing the overriding imperative of a just society. Some call this the `third way'. The nomenclature is unimportant. What is important is that it is a repudiation of Thatcherism and its Australian derivatives represented opposite. It is in fact a new formulation of the nation's economic and social imperatives.[45]
Rudd is critical of free market economists such as Friedrich Hayek,[46] although Rudd describes himself as "basically a conservative when it comes to questions of public financial management", pointing to his slashing of public service jobs as a Queensland governmental advisor.[47]

[edit] Foreign policy

Image:George W. Bush and Kevin Rudd.jpg
Kevin Rudd (left) and US President George W. Bush (right) meet at APEC Australia 2007 in Sydney

As shadow foreign minister, Rudd reformulated Labor's foreign policy in terms of "Three Pillars": engagement with the UN, engagement with Asia, and the US alliance.[48]

Rudd supports the continued deployment of Australian troops in Iraq, but not the continued deployment of combat troops. Rudd, in his role as shadow foreign minister had written a letter in November 2003 to Prime Minister John Howard offering policy ideas after the fall of Baghdad. Among his recommendations were a deployment of trainers for the New Iraqi army, and using the Australian Electoral Commission to help Iraq stage elections.[49] However, Labor pledged in 2007 to replace 550 existing combat troops with new troops serving training and border security roles (possibly stationed in other countries around the Middle East), with a continued presence of over 1,000 Australian troops stationed in Iraq (in 2007, there were 1,575 Australian military personnel operating within Iraq). [50] Rudd is also in favour of Australia's military presence in Afghanistan.[51]

Rudd backs the road map for peace plan and defended Israel's actions during the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, condemning Hezbollah and Hamas for "violating" Israeli territory.[52]

[edit] Industrial relations

Rudd opposed certain aspects of the Howard government's WorkChoices industrial relations legislation, but indicated, during the 2007 election campaign, plans to retain other parts of it (including illegality of secondary boycotts, the right of employers to lock workers out, restriction of union right of entry to workplaces, and restrictions on workers' right to strike). Rudd's policy included the phasing out of Australian Workplace Agreements over a period of up to five years, the establishment of a simpler awards system as a safety net, the restoration of unfair dismissal laws for companies with under 100 employees (probation period of 12 months for companies with less than 15 employees), and the retention of the Australian Building and Construction Commission until 2010.[53] Rudd also outlined the establishment of a single industrial relations bureaucracy called Fair Work Australia.[54]

[edit] Environment

On 3 December 2007, hours after being sworn in, Rudd signed the Kyoto Protocol.[55] Rudd stated that:
Australia's official declaration today that we will become a member of the Kyoto Protocol is a significant step forward in our country's efforts to fight climate change domestically - and with the international community.

In October, the then Prime Minister John Howard said that Labor's policy on climate change negotiations had no significant differences to the Liberals' policy.[56] The Liberal policy is a 15 percent cut in emissions by 2020, whilst the Labor policy plans to cut 20 percent in emissions by 2020.

Rudd supports the construction of the Bell Bay Pulp Mill in the Tamar Valley, Tasmania, and has pledged not to protect old growth forests from further logging.[57]

[edit] Religious views

Rudd and his family attend church in his electorate. Although raised a Catholic, Rudd began attending Anglican services in the 1980s with his wife.[4] Like John Howard, Rudd has addressed congregations of the Hillsong Church.

Rudd is the mainstay of the parliamentary prayer group in Parliament House, Canberra. [58] He is vocal about his Christianity and has given a number of prominent interviews to the Australian religious press on the topic.[59] Rudd has defended church representatives engaging with policy debates, particularly with respect to WorkChoices legislation, climate change, global poverty, therapeutic cloning and asylum seekers.[60] In an essay in The Monthly, Rudd writes:

A Christian perspective on contemporary policy debates may not prevail. It must nonetheless be argued. And once heard, it must be weighed, together with other arguments from different philosophical traditions, in a fully contestable secular polity. A Christian perspective, informed by a social gospel or Christian socialist tradition, should not be rejected contemptuously by secular politicians as if these views are an unwelcome intrusion into the political sphere. If the churches are barred from participating in the great debates about the values that ultimately underpin our society, our economy and our polity, then we have reached a very strange place indeed.[61]

He cites Dietrich Bonhoeffer as a personal inspiration in this regard.[62]

In late January 2007, Tony Abbott - a former seminarian and federal minister for health under the coalition government - criticised Rudd's use of Christianity in Australian politics,[63] contrasting Rudd's public appeal to Christian values with his voting record on issues such as the introduction of the abortion-inducing drug RU486.[64]

Rudd is opposed to same-sex marriage:

I have a pretty basic view on this, as reflected in the position adopted by our party, and that is, that marriage is between a man and a woman.[65]

Despite this, he has announced that unlike the previous Liberal/National Coalition government, he will not take action to block the Australian Capital Territory from introducing a civil union scheme which would cater to all couples regardless of sexual orientation. [1]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Marriner, Cosima. "It's private - the school he wants to forget", The Sydney Morning Herald, April 27 2007, pp. 1. 
  2. ^ Genesis of an ideas man. The Australian (5 December 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-05.
  3. ^ Duff, Eamonn. "A disputed eviction and a tale of family honour", The Sun-Herald, 11 March 2007. Retrieved on 2007-03-11. 
  4. ^ a b Marriner, Cosima. "The lonely road to the top", Sydney Morning Herald, December 9 2006, p. 33. Retrieved on 2007-05-27. 
  5. ^ John Garnaut. "China's leaders slow to tackle inflation", Sydney Morning Herald, Fairfax, 2007-11-26. 
  6. ^ Hamish McDonald. "Tough role, especially as the boss is the diplomat", Sydney Morning Herald, Fairfax, 2007-12-01. 
  7. ^ Jennifer Chou. "Kevin Rudd, aka Lu Kewen", The Weekly Standard, WorldwideStandard.com, 2007-12-03. 
  8. ^ "A man of reason and foresight takes the reins", China Daily, China.org.cn, 2007-12-04. 
  9. ^ a b Stuart, Nicholas (2007). Kevin Rudd: an unauthorised biography. Scribe. ISBN 9781921215582. 
  10. ^ Overington, Caroline. "McKew impressed to the max", The Australian, 9 December 2006. Retrieved on 2007-03-04. 
  11. ^ "澳洲大選變天 中國通陸克文勝出", China Daily News, 24 November 2007. Retrieved on 2007-12-19. 
  12. ^ "Rudd walks daughter down the aisle", AAP/The Age, 2007-05-05. Retrieved on 2007-11-25. 
  13. ^ Merrit, Chris. "Ms Rudd follows Ms Howard ... it's the law", The Australian, 2007-01-30. Retrieved on 2007-11-25. 
  14. ^ Zwartz, Barney. "ALP's new man puts his faith on display", The Age, 9 December 2006. Retrieved on 2006-12-09. 
  15. ^ Carmel Egan. "Kevin Rudd", 2006-12-03. Retrieved on 2007-10-26. 
  16. ^ Kevin Rudd - Member for Griffith. Australian Labor Party. Retrieved on 2007-01-30.
  17. ^ Henderson, Deborah, "Shaping Australia's Future", Asia Education Foundation News: 22-23, <http://eprints.qut.edu.au/archive/00003245/01/3245.pdf>; Rudd, Kevin (1994), Asian languages and Australia's economic future : a report prepared for the Council of Australian Governments on a proposed national Asian languages/studies strategy for Australian schools, Brisbane: Queensland Government Printer, ISBN 0724257675
  18. ^ Kevin Rudd (1998-11-11). First Speech to Parliament. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved on 2007-12-03.
  19. ^ Interview: Shadow Foreign Minister Kevin Rudd. Transcripts by category: Politics. Seven Network (4 April 2004). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  20. ^ Lateline. Australian Broadcasting Corporation (7 June 2003). Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  21. ^ McGrath, Catherine (28 November 2003). Beazley, Latham, Rudd in ALP leadership lineup. AM. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  22. ^ Brissenden, Michael (30 March 2004). Howard on front foot over troops. The 7.30 Report. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  23. ^ Rudd to end suspense tomorrow. The Age (23 January 2005). Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  24. ^ Rudd non-committal on leadership aspirations. ABC News (18 January 2005). Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  25. ^ Federal voting intention and leaders’ ratings. Newspoll, The Australian (30 November 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  26. ^ Rudd, Beazley to lobby colleagues. Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2 December 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  27. ^ Editorial: ALP in fight with the wrong enemy. The Australian (2 December 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  28. ^ Rudd ousts Beazley. The Age. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  29. ^ Press Conference. Australian Labor Party (4 December 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  30. ^ Brissenden, Michael. "Rudd Challenge", Stateline Canberra, ABC, 1 Dec 2006. Retrieved on 2007-12-04. 
  31. ^ Sunrise spots too hard: Rudd. News Ltd (16 April 2007).
  32. ^ Heywood, Lachlan. "Worm turns against Howard", www.news.com.au, October 21 2007. (English) 
  33. ^ Rudd in strip joint: 'Oh no, this won't do'
  34. ^ Rudd avoids poll slide after strip club revelations
  35. ^ "Election Victory Speech", Australian Labor Party, 2007-11-24. Retrieved on 2007-12-01. 
  36. ^ "Kevin Rudd's plan for Lodge", Herald Sun Sunday, 2007-04-25. Retrieved on 2007-11-25. 
  37. ^ Ben Worsley. "Rudd seizes power from factions", ABC News, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2007-09-29. 
  38. ^ "Rudd hands out portfolios", ABC News, 2007-11-29. Retrieved on 2007-11-29. 
  39. ^ "Qld support underpins Rudd's landslide", ABC News, 2007-11-25. 
  40. ^ "Qld set at battle ground for federal election", The 7.30 Report, 2007-03-08. 
  41. ^ Richard Shears. "Australia's new PM is sworn in - but refuses to swear allegiance to the Queen", The Daily Mail, Associated Newspapers Ltd, 2007-12-04. 
  42. ^ AAP. "Australia ratifies Kyoto Protocol", Sydney Morning Herald, Fairfax, 2007-12-03. 
  43. ^ New bust for the Gardens: City of Ballarat, 27/11/2007
  44. ^ Rudd gets heads-up about Ballarat bust: ABC News, 28/11/2007
  45. ^ Rudd, Kevin (11 November 1998). First Speech to Parliament. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  46. ^ Rudd, Kevin (16 November 2006). What's Wrong with the Right. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.; Hartcher, Peter (14 October 2006). Howard's warriors sweep all before them. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  47. ^ New Labor Leader Outlines Plan. The 7.30 Report (4 December 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-05.; Labor elects new leader. The 7.30 Report (4 December 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-05.
  48. ^ Sheridan, Greg (9 December 2006). ALP's pillar of wisdom. The Australian. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  49. ^ "Rudd supported PM's Iraq stand", The Herald Sun, August 12 2007. 
  50. ^ Shanahan, Dennis. "Labor Iraq troop policy is a big con", The Australian, 2007-09-21. Retrieved on 2007-10-18. 
  51. ^ Afghan, Iraq wars are not the same: Rudd. The Age (23 Feb 2007). Retrieved on 2007-02-24.
  52. ^ Rudd: Hamas, Hezbollah and Lebanon in ‘violation’. Australian Jewish News (18 July 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  53. ^ Ross Gittins. "Coalition and Labor narrow industrial relations gap", The Age, 2007-09-03. Retrieved on 2007-11-13. 
  54. ^ "PM promises not to extend Work Choices", The Age, Fairfax, 2007-10-15. Retrieved on 2007-11-13. 
  55. ^ Australia ratifies Kyoto Protocol. The Sydney Morning Herald (2007-12-03). Retrieved on 2007-12-03.
  56. ^ Rudd's renewable 2020 vision. The Sydney Morning Herald (2007-10-31). Retrieved on 2007-11-01.
  57. ^ Rudd backs proposed $2b Tassie pulp mill. The Sydney Morning Herald (2007-07-24). Retrieved on 2007-11-22.
  58. ^ Abbott attacks Rudd on religion in politics. The Age (2007-01-27). Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
  59. ^ Woodall, Helen (November 2003). Kevin Rudd talks about his faith. The Melbourne Anglican. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.; Egan, Carmel (3 December 2006). Kevin Rudd. The Age. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  60. ^ Rudd, Kevin (October 2006). Faith in Politics. The Monthly. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.; Rudd, Kevin (26 October 2005). Christianity and Politics 9. Retrieved on 2006-12-04.; Anglican leader joins IR debate. ABC news (11 July 2005). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  61. ^ Rudd, Kevin (October 2006). Faith in Politics. The Monthly. Retrieved on 2006-12-09.
  62. ^ Tony Jones speaks to Kevin Rudd. Lateline (2 October 2006). Retrieved on 2006-12-04.
  63. ^ The gospel according to Kevin. The Australian (27 January 2007). Retrieved on 2007-02-24.
  64. ^ Tirade 'shows Govt fears Rudd's rise'. ABC (27 january 2007). Retrieved on 2007-01-27.; RU486 for Australia?. Australian Parliamentary Library (29 November 2005). Retrieved on 2007-01-27.
  65. ^ Donald, Peta. "Howard, Rudd make pitch to Christian voters", AM (ABC Radio), 2007-10-18. Retrieved on 2007-10-18. 

[edit] External links

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Kevin Rudd


Political offices
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Kim Beazley 		Leader of the Opposition
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