Jami
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Nur ad-Din Abd ar-Rahman Jami (Persian: نورالدین عبدالرحمن جامی) (August 18, 1414–November 19, 1492) was one of the greatest Persian poets in the 15th century and one of the last great Sufi poets. His fame rests even more on his mystical authority than on his talents as a poet and writer.
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[edit] Biography
He was born in a village near Jam, then Khorasan, now located in Ghor Province of Afghanistan, but a few years after his birth, his family migrated to the cultural city of Herat in present-day Afghanistan where he was able to study Peripateticism, mathematics, Arabic literature, natural sciences, and Islamic philosophy at the Nizamiyyah University of Herat.
Afterwards he went to Samarqand, the most important centre of scientific studies in the Islamic World and completed his studies there. He was a famous Sufi, and a follower of the Naqshbandiyyah Sufi Order. At the end of his life he was living in Herat.
From the Haft Awrang of Jami, in the story "A Father Advises his Son About Love." See Nazar ill'al-murd Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
[edit] Teachings
In his role as Sufi shaykh, Jami expounded a number of teachings regarding following the Sufi path. In his view, love was the fundamental stepping stone for starting on the spiritual journey. To a student who claimed never to have loved, he said, "Go and love first, then come to me and I will show you the way."[1]
[edit] Works
Another illustration from the Haft Awrang
Jami wrote approximately eighty-seven books and letters, some of which have been translated into English. His works range from prose to poetry, and from the mundane to the religious. He has also written works of history. His poetry has been inspired by the ghazals of Hafez, and his Haft Awrang is, by his own admission, influenced by the works of Nezami.
[edit] Divan of Jami
Among his works are:
- Baharistan (Abode of Spring) Modeled upon the Gulistan of Saadi
- Nafahat al-Uns (Breaths of Fellowship) Biographies of the Sufi saints
- Haft Awrang (Seven Thrones) His major poetical work. The fifth of the seven stories is his acclaimed "Yusuf and Zulaykha" which tells the story of Joseph and Potiphar's wife based on the Holy Quran.
- Lawa'ih A treatise on Sufism
- Diwanha-i Sehganeh (Triplet Divans)
- Tajnīs ’al-luġāt (Homonymy/Punning of Languages) A lexicographical work containing homonymous Persian and Arabic lemmata.[1]
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ Shīrānī, 6.
[edit] References
- E.G. Browne. Literary History of Persia. (Four volumes, 2,256 pages, and twenty-five years in the writing). 1998. ISBN 0-7007-0406-X
- Jan Rypka, History of Iranian Literature. Reidel Publishing Company. 1968 OCLC 460598 ISBN 90-277-0143-1
- Ḥāfiż Mahmūd Shīrānī. “Dībācha-ye awwal [First Preface].” In Ḥifż ul-Lisān [a.k.a. Ḳhāliq Bārī], edited by Ḥāfiż Mahmūd Shīrānī. Delhi: Anjumman-e Taraqqi-e Urdū, 1944.
[edit] External links
- Jami on PoetryPortal
- Jami on Iran Chamber Society Website
- Jami's Yusuf and Zulaikha: A Study in the Method of Appropriation of Sacred Text
- Jami's Salaman and Absal as Translated by Edward Fitzgerald. 1904
Persian literature -Literature of Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan series | ||
|---|---|---|
| Middle Persian | Denkard · Book of Jamasp · Book of Arda Viraf · Karnamak-i Artaxshir-i Papakan · Shapuregan of Mani · Bundahishn · Greater Bundahishn · Menog-i Khrad · Pazand · Counsels of Adarbad Mahraspandan · Dadestan-i Denig · Zadspram · Zand-i Vohuman Yasht | |
| Classical Persian | Rūdakī (900s) · Daqīqī (900s) · Ferdowsī (Šahnāma, 900s) · Bal'ami (10th century) · Abusaeid Abolkheir (967 - 1049) · Avicenna (980-1037) · Bābā Tāher (1000s) · Kisai (10th century) · Nasir Khusraw (1004 - 1088) · Al-Ghazali (1058-1111) · Khwaja Abdullah Ansari (1006-1088) · Qatran Tabrizi (1009-1072) · Nizam al-Mulk (1018-1092) · Moezi Neyshapuri (11th-12th) · Masud-e Sa'ad Salman (11th-12th) · Hakim Iranshah (12th century) · Omar Khayyām (1048-1131) · Hujwiri (11th century) · Ayn-al-Quzat Hamadani (1098–1131) · Ashraf Ghaznavi (12th century) · Shahab_al-Din_Suhrawardi (1155-1191) · Sanai (11th-12th century) · Attār (1142 – ca. 1220) · Khaghani (1120 - 1190) · Anvari · Faramarz-e Khodadad (12th century) · · Nizāmī Ganjavi (1141 – 1209) · Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149-1209) · Shams Tabrizi (d 1248) · Abu Tahir Tartusi (13th century) · Najm al-din Razi (12th-13th) · Shams al-Din Qays Razi (12th-13th) · Baha al-din Walad (12th-13th) · Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī (1201-1274) · Baba Afdal al-Din Kashani · Fakhr al-din Araqi (13th century) · Mahmud Shabistari (1288 – 1320s) · Abu'l Majd Tabrizi (1321) · Amīr Khosrow (1253 - 1325) · Sa'adī (Būstān (1257) and Golestān (1258) · Bahram-e-Pazhdo (13th) · Zartosht Bahram e Pazhdo (13th) · Rumi (13th) · Homam Tabrizi (1238-1314) · Khaju Kermani (13th-14th) · Sultan Walad (13th-14th) · Ibn Yamin (14th century) · Shah Ni'matullah Wali (14th) · Hāfez (Dīvān, 14th) · Abu Ali Qalandar · Fazlallah Astarabadi (14th century) · Nasimi (14th century) · Ubayd Zakani (15th) · Salman Sawaji (15th) · Jāmī (15th) · Kamal Khujandi (1400s) · Emad al-Din Faqih Kemani (14th century) · Ahli Shirzi (1454-1535) · Fuzûlî (1483–1556) · Baba Faghani Shirzani (1519) · Vahshi Bafqi (1523-1583) · Urfi Shirazi (1591) · Sa'eb Tabrizi (1607-1670) · Saba Kashani (17th) · Hatef Esfahani (18th century) · Neshat Esfahani (18th-19th) · Forughi Bistami (1798-1857) · Mahmud Saba Kashani (1813-1893) | |
| Contemporary Persian | Ahmad Kasravi · Mohammad-Taqī Bahār · Sādeq Hedāyat · Forough Farrokhzad · Šāmlū · Khalilollāh Khalilī · Shahriar · Loiq Sherali · Muhammad Iqbal · Parvin E'tesami · Mehdi Akhavan-Sales · Emad Khorasani · Aref Qazvini · Ebrahim Poordavood · Mirzadeh Eshghi · Allameh Tabatabaei · Adib Pishevari · Ashraf Gilani · Javad Nurbakhsh · Golchin Gilani | |
| Notes | The above lists includes poets of mainly Iranic background but also some of Indic, Turkic and Slavic background. Persian, at one time, was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic World. | |
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