Georgian-Abkhazian conflict

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The Georgian-Abkhaz conflict refers to the ethnic conflict between Georgians and Abkhaz (allegedly strongly supported by Russia) in Abkhazia, a de facto independent republic which is de jure part of Georgia.

History of Abkhazia
See also History of Georgia
Early History of Abkhazia
Prehistoric settlement
Abkhazia in antiquity
Abkhazia from the 8th to the 19th century
Kingdom of Abkhazia
Abkhazia within the unified Abkhazian-Georgian Kingdom
Principality of Abkhazia
Abkhazia from the 19th century to 1921
Abkhazia within the Russian Empire
Abkhazia from 1917 to 1921
Soviet Abkhazia
Abkhazian Soviet Socialist Republic
Abkhazian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Modern Abkhazia
Georgian-Abkhazian conflict
Abkhazia after the war
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Georgian-Russian
relations

Events

Primary parties involved

The conflict, one of the bloodiest in the post-Soviet area, remains unresolved. The Georgian government offered a large autonomy to Abkhazia several times. However, both Abkhaz government and opposition refuse any forms of union with Georgia. Abkhaz consider their independence as a result of liberation war against Georgian aggression, while Georgians believe the conflict to be a patriotic war to retain sovereignty and integrity of Georgia. Many accuse Eduard Shevardnadze’s government in initiation of a senseless hostilities, and then in ineffective conduction of the war and post-war diplomacy.

Contents

[edit] Events

[edit] War in Abkhazia

Main article: War in Abkhazia

It involved a 13-month long Abkhazian war with Georgian government forces and militia made of ethnic Georgians who lived in Abkhazia on one side and separatist forces made of ethnic Abkhazians, Armenians and Russians who also lived in Abkhazia on the other side. The separatists were supported by the North Caucasian and Cossack militants and (unofficially) by Russian forces stationed in Gudauta.

[edit] Resumption of hostilities

Main articles: War in Abkhazia (1998) and 2001 Kodori crisis

In April–May, 1998, the conflict escalated once again in the Gali District when several hundreds of Abkhaz forces entered the villages still populated by Georgians support the separatist-held parliamentary elections. Despite the criticism from opposition, Eduard Shevardnadze, President of Georgia, refused to deploy troops against Abkhazia. A ceasefire was negotiated on May 20. The hostilities resulted in hundreds of casualties from both sides and additional 20.000 Georgian refugees.

In September 2001, around 400 Chechen fighters and 80 Georgian guerrillas appeared in the Kodori Valley in extremely controversial conditions. The Chechen-Georgian paramilitaries advanced as far as Sukhumi, but finally were repelled by Abkhaz and Gudauta based Russian peacekeepers.

[edit] Saakashvili era

The new Georgian government of President Mikhail Saakashvili promises not to use force and to resolve the problem only by diplomacy and political talks.[1]

While at a summit of CIS it was decided to exclude any contacts with separatists, the trans-border economical cooperation and transport between Abkhazia and Russia grows in scale, with Russia claiming that all this is a matter of private business, rather than state.[citation needed] Georgia also decries the unlimited issuing of Russian passports in Abkhazia with subsequent payment of retirement pensions and other monetary benefits by Russia, which Georgia considers to be economical support of separatists by Russian government.[1]

In May 2006 the Coordinating Council of Georgia’s Government and Abkhaz separatists was convened for the first time since 2001. [2] In late July the 2006 Kodori crisis erupted resulting in establishment of de jure Government of Abkhazia in Kodori. For the first time after the war, this government is located in Abkhazia and headed by Malkhaz Akishbaia, Temur Mzhavia and Ada Marshania. [3]

Currently, the Abkhaz side demands reparations from the Georgian side of $13 Billion in US currency for damages of this conflict. The Georgian side dismisses these claims. [4]

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ a b Abkhazia Today. The International Crisis Group Europe Report N°176, 15 September 2006, page 10. Retrieved on May 30, 2007. Free registration needed to view full report
  2. ^ "UN Representative Says Abkhazia Dialogue Is Positive"
  3. ^ Tbilisi-Based Abkhaz Government Moves to Kodori, Civil Georgia, July 27 2006. URL accessed on 2007-07-28
  4. ^ Abkhazia demands Georgia pay $13 bln war compensation

[edit] Bibliography

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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Image:Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgian-Abkhazian conflict  Image:Flag of Abkhazia.svg
Main events Abkhazian side Georgian side

Main events (wars in bold face)

Combatants:

Key leaders:


Combatants:

Key leaders:

id:Konflik Georgia-Abkhazia

cs:Gruzínsko-abcházský konflikt he:הסכסוך הגאורגי-אבחזי ka:აფხაზეთის შეიარაღებული კონფლიქტი 1992-93 ja:アブハジア紛争 ru:Грузино-абхазский конфликт

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