Etymological dictionary

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

An etymological dictionary discusses the etymology of the words listed. Often, large dictionaries, such as the OED and Webster's, will contain some etymological information, without aspiring to focus on etymology.

Although useful tools, etymological dictionaries must be used with some caution, as research in historical linguistics often renders the etymologies listed in such dictionaries suspect or obsolete. Moreover, some etymologies are controversial, so the editor of an etymological dictionary must decide how much space to devote to covering all theories of a certain word's origin.

[edit] Notable examples

English language
- Hoad, T.F., The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. Oxford, Oxford University Press (1986).
- Eric Partridge, Origins: A short etymological dictionary of Modern English. New York: Greenwich House (1958, 1959, 1961, 1966).
German language
- Friedrich Kluge, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter (first edn. 1883, 21st edn. 1975).
Polish language
- Aleksander Brückner, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego, first edition, Kraków, Krakowska Spółka Wydawnicza, 1927 (9th edition, Warsaw, Wiedza Powszechna, 2000).
Russian language (valuable for all Slavic languages)
- Max Vasmer, Etymological dictionary of the Russian language, Heidelberg (1962), 4 volumes, available online.
Ancient Greek
- Hjalmar Frisk, Griechisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg (1960, 1970). [1]
Proto-Indo-European language
- Carl Darling Buck, A dictionary of selected synonyms in the principal Indo-European languages, University of Chicago Press, 1949 (paperback edition 1988).
- Julius Pokorny, Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959).

Dravidian languages (Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Brahui et al.)
- Burrow and Emeneau, A Dravidian etymological dictionary (Known as the DED or DEDR (1984)

Indo-Aryan languages
- Manfred Mayrhofer, Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen (1986-2001)
Old Irish
- Joseph Vendryes, Lexique étymologique de l'irlandais ancien (first volume 1959; still incomplete), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies and CNRC Éditions, Paris.
Scottish Gaelic
- Alexander MacBain, Etymological Dictionary of Scottish-Gaelic (1896), reprinted (1998) by Hippocrene Books (New York).
Scottish Language
- John Jamieson, An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language (1808), revised 1879-97
Finnish
- Suomen sanojen alkuperä — The Origin of Finnish Words (first volume, A—K 1992; second volume, L—P 1995; third volume, R—Ö 2000), Helsinki, Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus and Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura.
Spanish
- Guido Gómez de Silva "Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española" (ISBN 968-16-2812-8)
Turkish
- Sevan Nişanyan "Sözlerin Soyağacı - Çağdaş Türkçe'nin Etimolojik Sözlüğü" (Third ed. Adam Y. Istanbul 2007) Online