Diomede Islands
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The Diomede Islands (Russian: острова Диомида , ostrová Diomída, also known as Gvozdev Islands in Russia (Russian: острова Гвоздёва, ostrová Gvozdeva), consisting of the western island Big Diomede, also known as Imaqliq, Nunarbuk or Ratmanov Island, and the eastern island Little Diomede, also known as Krusenstern Island or Inaliq, are two rocky islands located in the middle of the Bering Strait between Russia and Alaska.
The islands are separated by an international border and the International Date Line which is approximately 1.5 km (1 mi) from each island. At the closest land approach between the United States, which controls Little Diomede, and Russia, which controls Big Diomede (part of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug), they are 3 km (2 mi) apart. Little Diomede Island constitutes the Alaskan City of Diomede. Big Diomede Island is Russia's easternmost point, while Alaska's Attu Island in the Aleutian chain is the westernmost point of the United States.
There is a QuickTime VR Panorama done by students on Little Diomede in April of 2007. The QTVR files shows both the Russian and United States islands quite clearly, with the International Date Line tracing an invisible line on the ice between them.
15 km southeast is Fairway Rock, which is usually not considered part of the Diomede Islands.
[edit] History
The first European to reach the islands was the Russian explorer Semyon Dezhnev in 1648. A Danish navigator (in Russian service) Vitus Bering re-discovered the Diomede Islands on August 16, 1728, the day when the Russian Orthodox Church celebrates the memory of the martyr St. Diomede (hence, the name of the islands). In 1732, a Russian geodesist, Mikhail Gvozdev, plotted the islands on the map (hence, another name).
The text of the 1867 treaty finalizing the sale of Alaska uses the islands to designate the boundary between the two nations: The border separates "equidistantly Krusenstern Island, or Ignaluk, from Ratmanov Island, or Nunarbuk, and heads northward infinitely until it disappears completely in the Arctic Ocean."
Because the International Date Line runs down the 4-km (2.5-mi) gap between the two islands, you can look from Alaska into "tomorrow" in Russia.
In 1987, during the Cold War, Lynne Cox swam from one island to the other. The Diomede Islands are often mentioned as likely intermediate stops for a bridge or tunnel (TKM-World Link) spanning the Bering Strait.
In summer 1995, British television actor and documentary presenter Michael Palin started his counterclockwise circumnavigation of the Pacific Rim, encompassing 18 different countries, on Little Diomede Island, as part of the BBC series Full Circle. He intended to set foot on it again at the very end of his journey lasting nearly eight months, but was unable to do so because he was returning during the following winter (on the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Munro), and the sea became too rough to allow him and his film crew to land on the island.
Big Diomede Island, was traditionally the easternmost landmass before the IDL, and the first landmass to enter new years. After 1995 however, parts of Kiribati count as being further east since the IDL is now going east of them, and also on a higher timezone (GMT+14).
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Images of the islands
- Little Diomede page, with images
- Proposed Trans-Global Highway and AmerAsian Peace Tunnel
- Images of the islands
- Michael Palin site about Diomedes
- Dateliner Webcam: vantage of Big Diomede from Little Diomede
- Flashearth view Interactive satellite view of islands, with labels
ar:جزيرتي دايوميد
cs:Diomédovy ostrovy
de:Diomedes-Inseln
el:Νησιά Διομήδη
es:Islas Diómedes
fr:Îles Diomède
ko:디오메드 제도
it:Isole Diomede
hu:Diomede-szigetek
nl:Diomedeseilanden
ja:ダイオミード諸島
pl:Wyspy Diomedesa
ru:Острова Диомида
sr:Диомедова острва
sv:Diomedeöarna
zh:代奧米德群島
