From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 15 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion during the Tang Dynasty of China.
- 1392 - Nanboku-chō - Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu.
- 1431 - Henry VI of England is crowned King of France at Notre Dame in Paris.
- 1497 - Vasco da Gama rounds the Cape of Good Hope, the point where Bartolomeu Dias had previously turned back to Portugal.
- 1598 - Seven Year War: Battle of Noryang Point - The final battle of the Seven Year War is fought between the Korean and Japanese navies, resulting in a decisive Korean victory.
- 1653 - English Interregnum: The Protectorate - Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.
- 1689 - Convention Parliament: The Declaration of Right is embodied in the Bill of Rights.
- 1707 - Last recorded eruption of Mount Fuji in Japan.
- 1761 - Seven Years' War: After four-month siege, the Russians under Pyotr Rumyantsev take the Prussian fortress of Kolobrzeg.
- 1773 - American Revolution: Boston Tea Party - Members of the Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawks dump crates of tea into Boston harbor as a protest against the Tea Act.
- 1811 - The first two in a series of severe earthquakes occurs, in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri.
- 1826 - Benjamin W. Edwards rides into Mexican controlled Nacogdoches, Texas and declares himself ruler of the Republic of Fredonia.
- 1838 - Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius combat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
- 1850 - History of New Zealand: The Charlotte-Jane and the Randolph bring the first of the Canterbury Pilgrims to Lyttelton.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Joseph E. Johnston replaces Braxton Bragg as commander of the Army of Tennessee.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Franklin-Nashville Campaign - Battle of Nashville - Major General George H. Thomas's Union forces defeat Lieutenant General John Bell Hood's Confederate Army of Tennessee.
- 1893 - Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9 in E minor, Op. 95, "From The New World" was given its world premiere at Carnegie Hall.
- 1907 - Great White Fleet started its circumnavigation of the world
- 1910 - During a ground test of his Coandă-1910 plane, Henri Coandă, caught unaware by the power of the engine, finds himself briefly airborne and loses control of the machine which crashes to the ground.
- 1913 - Charles Chaplin, one of the most famous actors in the silent-film era comes to work for the first time at Keystone Studios.
- 1914 - World War I: German battle ships under Franz Von Hipper bombard the English ports of Hartlepool and Scarborough.
- 1920 - A magnitude 8.5 earthquake rocks the Gansu province in China, killing an estimated 200,000.
- 1922 - President of Poland Gabriel Narutowicz is assassinated by Eligiusz Niewiadomski at the Zachęta Gallery in Warsaw.
- 1925 - A regular broadcasting service is instituted in Ceylon.
- 1925 - Alpha Phi Omega national service fraternity is founded at Lafayette College.
- 1937 - Theodore Cole and Ralph Roe attempt to escape from the American federal prison on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay; neither is ever seen again.
- 1941 - World War II: Japanese occupy Miri, Sarawak
- 1942 - Holocaust: Porajmos - Heinrich Himmler orders that Roma candidates for extermination be deported to Auschwitz.
- 1944 - World War II: Battle of the Bulge - General Dwight D. Eisenhower's allied forces and Field Marshall Gerd von Rundstedt's German army engage in the Belgian Ardennes.
- 1946 - Léon Blum becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1947 - William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain build the first practical point-contact transistor.
- 1949 - Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget, later knows as SAAB, is founded in Sweden.
- 1950 - President Harry S. Truman declares a state of emergency, after Chinese troops enter the fight with communist North Korea in the Korean War.
- 1951 - The detective show Dragnet previews on the anthology show Chesterfield Sound-Off Time.
- 1957 - Sir Feroz Khan Noon replaces Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar as Prime Minister of Pakistan.
- 1960 - 1960 New York air disaster: While approaching New York's Idlewild Airport, a United Airlines Douglas DC-8 collides with a TWA Lockheed Super Constellation in a blinding snowstorm over Staten Island, killing 134.
- 1965 - Vietnam War: General William Westmoreland sends U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara a request for 243,000 more men by the end of 1966.
- 1971 - Bangladesh War of Independence and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: The surrender of the Pakistan army brings an end to both conflicts.
- 1971 - Independence Day of the State of Bahrain from British Protectorate Status
- 1972 - Vietnam War: Henry Kissinger announces that North Vietnam has left private negotiations for peace in Paris.
- 1978 - Cleveland, Ohio becomes the first post-Depression era city to default on its loans, owing $14,000,000 to local banks.
- 1979 - Libya joins four other OPEC nations in raising crude oil prices, having an immediate dramatic effect on the United States.
- 1982 - The Federal Reserve announces that the operating capacity of factories has gone down to 67.8%.
- 1985 - Mafia: In New York City, Paul Castellano and Thomas Bilotti are shot dead on the orders of John Gotti, who assumes leadership of the Gambino family.
- 1986 - Revolt in Kazakhstan against Communist party, known as Zheltoksan, which becomes the first sign of ethnic strife during Gorbachev's tenure
- 1989 - Protest breaks out in Timişoara in response to an attempt by the government to evict dissident Hungarian pastor, László Tőkés.
- 1989 - Walter LeRoy Moody begins his terrorist bombing streak when he sends Judge Robert Smith Vance a bomb in the mail, instantly killing him near his house in Birmingham, Alabama.
- 1991 - United Nations General Assembly: UN General Assembly Resolution 4686 revokes UN General Assembly Resolution 3379 after Israel makes revocation of resolution 3379 a condition of its participation in the Madrid Peace Conference of 1991.
- 1991 - Independence of The Republic of Kazakhstan.
- 1998 - Iraq disarmament crisis: Operation Desert Fox - The United States and United Kingdom bomb targets in Iraq.
- 2006 - Leona Lewis wins the third series of British UK talent show The X Factor (TV series), winning a £1 million record deal, and releases her debut single A Moment Like This.
[edit] Births
- 1485 - Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England (d. 1536)
- 1584 - John Selden, English jurist and oriental scholar (d. 1654)
- 1614 - Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1674)
- 1714 - George Whitefield, English-born Methodist leader (d. 1770)
- 1716 - Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini, Duc de Nivernais, French diplomat and writer (d. 1798)
- 1717 - Elizabeth Carter, English writer (d. 1806)
- 1742 - Gebhard Fürst Blücher von Wahlstatt, German Field Marshal (d. 1819)
- 1770 - Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer (Is his supposed birthday, since he was baptized the following day it is believed his birthday is on the 16th.) (d. 1827)
- 1775 - Jane Austen, English writer (d. 1817)
- 1775 - François-Adrien Boïeldieu, French composer (d. 1834)
- 1776 - Johann Wilhelm Ritter, German physicist (d. 1810)
- 1790 - King Léopold I of Belgium (d. 1865)
- 1804 - Viktor Bunyakovsky, Russian mathematician (d. 1889)
- 1834 - Léon Walras, French economist (d. 1910)
- 1861 - Antonio de La Gandara, French painter (d. 1917)
- 1863 - George Santayana, Spanish philosopher and writer (d. 1952)
- 1865 - Olavo Bilac, Brazilian poet (d. 1918)
- 1866 (N.S.) - Wassily Kandinsky, Russian-born French abstract painter (d. 1944)
- 1867 - Amy Carmichael, missionary in Dohnavur, India (d. 1951)
- 1869 - Hristo Tatarchev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1952)
- 1872 - Anton Ivanovich Denikin, Russian general (d. 1947)
- 1882 - Sir Jack Hobbs, English cricketer (d. 1963)
- 1882 - Zoltán Kodály, Hungarian composer (d. 1967)
- 1882 - Walther Meissner, German physicist (d. 1974)
- 1883 - Max Linder, French pioneer of silent film (d. 1925)
- 1888 - King Alexander I of Yugoslavia (d. 1934)
- 1888 - Alphonse Juin, marshall of France (d. 1967)
- 1899 - Sir Noel Coward, English playwright, actor and composer (d. 1973)
- 1900 - V. S. Pritchett, English author and critic (d. 1997)
- 1901 - Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (d. 1978)
- 1902 - Rafael Alberti, Spanish poet (d. 1999)
- 1905 - Piet Hein, Danish mathematician and inventor (d. 1996)
- 1906 - Barbara Kent, Canadian actress
- 1915 - Turk Murphy, American trombonist (d. 1987)
- 1917 - Nabi Bux Khan Baloch, Sindhi scholar
- 1917 - Sir Arthur C. Clarke, English writer
- 1918 - Pierre Delanoë, French songwriter and lyricist (d. 2006)
- 1926 - James McCracken, American tenor (d. 1988)
- 1927 - Randall Garrett, American writer (d. 1987)
- 1928 - Philip K. Dick, American writer (d. 1982)
- 1929 - Nicholas Courtney, English actor
- 1932 - Rodion Shchedrin, Soviet/Russian composer
- 1936 - Morris Dees, founder of the Southern Poverty Law Center
- 1937 - Joyce Bulifant, American actress
- 1938 - Frank Deford, American sportswriter
- 1938 - Liv Ullmann, Norwegian actress
- 1941 - Lesley Stahl, American journalist
- 1943 - Steven Bochco, American television producer and writer
- 1943 - Tony Hicks, English guitarist (The Hollies)
- 1945 - Patti Deutsch, American actress and Match Game panelist
- 1945 - Bobby George, English professional darts player
- 1945 - Yukio Hattori, Japanese Iron Chef commentator
- 1946 - Benny Andersson, Swedish musician, singer and songwriter (ABBA)
- 1946 - Trevor Pinnock, English conductor and harpsichordist
- 1947 - Ben Cross, English actor
- 1947 - Vincent Matthews, American sprinter
- 1948 - Christopher Biggins, English actor
- 1949 - Billy Gibbons, American guitarist (ZZ Top)
- 1950 - Claudia Cohen, American gossip columnist and socialite (d. 2007)
- 1950 - Roy Schuiten, Dutch cyclist (d. 2006)
- 1951 - Robben Ford, American guitarist
- 1952 - Joel Garner, Barbadian West Indies cricketer
- 1952 - Francesco Graziani, Italian footballer
- 1955 - Xander Berkeley, American actor
- 1955 - Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este
- 1960 - Pat van den Hauwe, Belgian footballer
- 1961 - Bill Hicks, American comedian (d. 1994)
- 1961 - Jon Tenney, American actor
- 1962 - Maruschka Detmers, Dutch actress
- 1962 - William "The Refrigerator" Perry, American football player
- 1963 - Benjamin Bratt, American actor
- 1963 - Jeff Carson, American singer
- 1963 - James Mangold, American film director and screenwriter
- 1964 - Heike Drechsler, East German-born sprinter
- 1964 - Georgie Parker, Australian actress
- 1964 - Billy Ripken, American baseball player
- 1965 - Chris Jones, American baseball player
- 1965 - Melanie Sloan, American attorney
- 1965 - Nancy Valen, American actress
- 1966 - Clifford Robinson, American basketball player
- 1966 - Dennis Wise, English footballer
- 1967 - Donovan Bailey, Jamaican-born Canadian sprinter
- 1967 - Miranda Otto, Australian actress
- 1971 - Michael McCary, American singer (Boyz II Men)
- 1971 - Paul van Dyk, German DJ
- 1972 - Angela Bloomfield, New Zealand actress
- 1972 - Charles Gipson, American baseball player
- 1972 - Željko Kalac, Australian soccer player
- 1973 - Themba Mnguni, South African footballer
- 1973 - Scott Storch, Canadian-American hip-hop producer
- 1974 - Frida Hallgren, Swedish actress
- 1975 - Valentin Bădoi, Romanian footballer
- 1975 - Nawo Kawakita, Japanese drummer (Maximum the Hormone)
- 1975 - Benjamin Kowalewicz, Canadian musician (Billy Talent)
- 1975 - Jonathan Scarfe, Canadian actor
- 1977 - Éric Bélanger, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1977 - Sylvain Distin, French footballer
- 1978 - Gunter Van Handenhoven, Belgian footballer
- 1978 - Kaine, American rapper (Ying Yang Twins)
- 1979 - Mihai Trăistariu, Romanian singer
- 1979 - Jessie Ward, American professional wrestler
- 1981 - Flo-Rida, American rapper
- 1981 - Anna Sedokova, Ukrainian singer
- 1981 - Took Leng How, Malaysian criminal (d. 2006)
- 1981 - Gareth Williams, Scottish footballer
- 1982 - Garnon Davies, Welsh actor
- 1983 - Kelenna Azubuike, English basketball player
- 1983 - Danielle Lloyd, English model
- 1985 - Keita Tachibana, member of Japanese boy band w-inds.
- 1987 - Hallee Hirsh, American actress
- 1988 - Anna Popplewell, English actress
[edit] Deaths
- 705 - Empress Wu of Zhou (b. 625)
- 714 - Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia
- 867 - Eberhard of Friuli
- 999 - Saint Adelaide of Italy (b. 931)
- 1325 - Charles of Valois, son of Philip III of France (b. 1270)
- 1378 - Otto III of Montferrat
- 1379 - John Fitzalan, Marshal of England
- 1470 - John II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1425)
- 1515 - Afonso de Albuquerque Portuguese naval general (b. 1453)
- 1598 - Yi Sun-sin, Korean admiral (b. 1545)
- 1669 - Nathaniel Fiennes, English politician (b. circa 1608)
- 1687 - William Petty, English scientist and philosopher (b. 1623)
- 1751 - Leopold II of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian general (b. 1700)
- 1765 - Peter Frederick Haldimand, Swiss military officer and surveyor
- 1774 - François Quesnay, French economist (b. 1694)
- 1783 - Johann A. Hasse, German composer (b. 1699)
- 1783 - Sir William James, British naval commander (b. 1720)
- 1809 - Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy, French chemist (b. 1755)
- 1859 - Wilhelm Grimm, German writer and folklorist (b. 1786)
- 1897 - Alphonse Daudet, French novelist and short story writer (b. 1840)
- 1898 - Pavel Tretyakov, Russian businessman and art collector (b. 1832)
- 1914 - Ivan Zajc, Croatian composer (b. 1832)
- 1921 - Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer (b. 1835)
- 1922 - Gabriel Narutowicz, first President of Poland (b. 1865)
- 1928 - Elinor Wylie, American poet and writer (b. 1885)
- 1935 - Thelma Todd, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1940 - Billy Hamilton, American baseball player (b. 1866)
- 1945 - Giovanni Agnelli, Italian automobile manufacturer (b. 1866)
- 1945 - Fumimaro Konoye, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1891)
- 1949 - Sidney Olcott, Canadian film director (b. 1873)
- 1956 - Nina Hamnett, Welsh artist (b. 1890)
- 1965 - W. Somerset Maugham, English writer (b. 1874)
- 1976 - Réal Caouette, French Canadian politician (Social Credit Party of Canada) (b. 1917)
- 1977 - Risto Jarva, Finnish filmmaker (b. 1934)
- 1980 - Colonel Sanders, American fast food entrepreneur (b. 1890)
- 1980 - Hellmuth Walter, German engineer and inventor (b. 1900)
- 1982 - Colin Chapman, English engineer and automobile manufacturer, founder of Lotus Cars (b. 1928)
- 1984 - Debs Garms, American baseball player (b. 1907)
- 1985 - Thomas Bilotti, American mafioso (b. 1940)
- 1985 - Paul Castellano, American mafioso (b. 1915)
- 1988 - Sylvester, American singer (b. 1948)
- 1989 - Oscar Alfredo Gálvez, Argentine racing driver (b. 1913)
- 1989 - Silvana Mangano, Italian actress (b. 1930)
- 1989 - Aileen Pringle, American actress (b. 1895)
- 1989 - Lee Van Cleef, American actor (b. 1925)
- 1990 - Douglas Campbell, American pilot (b. 1896)
- 1993 - Moses Gunn, American actor (b. 1929)
- 1993 - Tanaka Kakuei, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1918)
- 1995 - Johnny Moss, American poker player (b. 1907)
- 1995 - Mariele Ventre, Italian choir director (b. 1939)
- 1996 - Quentin Bell, English art historian (b. 1910)
- 1997 - Nicolette Larson, American singer (b. 1952)
- 1998 - William Gaddis, American writer (b. 1922)
- 2001 - Stuart Adamson, English-born Scottish musician (The Skids, Big Country) (b. 1958)
- 2001 - Stefan Heym, German author (b. 1913)
- 2003 - Robert Stanfield, Premier of Nova Scotia (b. 1914)
- 2003 - Gary Stewart, American musician and songwriter (b. 1945)
- 2004 - Ted Abernathy, American baseball player (b. 1933)
- 2005 - Kenneth Bulmer, English author (b. 1921)
- 2005 - Ed Hansen, American film director and editor (b. 1937)
- 2005 - John Spencer, American actor (b. 1946)
- 2006 - Don Jardine, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1940)
- 2006 - Taliep Petersen, South African singer and composer (b. 1950)
- 2006 - Pnina Salzman, Israeli pianist (b. 1922)
- 2007 - Dan Fogelberg, American singer/songwriter (b. 1951)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
af:16 Desember
ar:16 ديسمبر
an:16 d'abiento
frp:16 dècembro
ast:16 d'avientu
bn:ডিসেম্বর ১৬
be:16 снежня
be-x-old:16 сьнежня
bs:16. decembar
br:16 Kerzu
bg:16 декември
ca:16 de desembre
cv:Раштав, 16
ceb:Disyembre 16
cs:16. prosinec
co:16 di decembre
cy:16 Rhagfyr
da:16. december
de:16. Dezember
et:16. detsember
el:16 Δεκεμβρίου
es:16 de diciembre
eo:16-a de decembro
eu:Abenduaren 16
fa:۱۶ دسامبر
fo:16. desember
fr:16 décembre
fy:16 desimber
fur:16 di Dicembar
ga:16 Nollaig
gd:16 an Dùbhlachd
gl:16 de decembro
ko:12월 16일
hy:Դեկտեմբերի 16
hi:16 दिसंबर
hr:16. prosinca
io:16 di decembro
bpy:ডিসেম্বর ১৬
id:16 Desember
ia:16 de decembre
is:16. desember
it:16 dicembre
he:16 בדצמבר
jv:16 Desember
pam:Disiembri 16
kn:ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ ೧೬
ka:16 დეკემბერი
csb:16 gòdnika
kk:Желтоқсанның 16
sw:16 Desemba
ht:16 desanm
ku:16'ê berfanbarê
la:16 Decembris
lb:16. Dezember
lt:Gruodžio 16
lmo:16 12
hu:December 16
mk:16 декември
ml:ഡിസംബര് 16
mr:डिसेंबर १६
ms:16 Disember
nah:Tlamahtlācōnti 16
nl:16 december
nds-nl:16 december
ja:12月16日
nap:16 'e dicembre
no:16. desember
nn:16. desember
nrm:16 Dézembre
nov:16 de desembre
oc:16 de decembre
uz:16 dekabr
pag:December 16
nds:16. Dezember
pl:16 grudnia
pt:16 de Dezembro
ksh:16. Dezemmber
ro:16 decembrie
ru:16 декабря
se:Juovlamánu 16.
sco:16 December
sq:16 Dhjetor
scn:16 di dicèmmiru
simple:December 16
sk:16. december
sl:16. december
sr:16. децембар
sh:16.12.
su:16 Désémber
fi:16. joulukuuta
sv:16 december
tl:Disyembre 16
ta:டிசம்பர் 16
tt:16. Dekäber
te:డిసెంబర్ 16
th:16 ธันวาคม
vi:16 tháng 12
tg:16 декабр
tr:16 Aralık
uk:16 грудня
vec:16 de diçenbre
fiu-vro:16. joulukuu päiv
wa:16 di decimbe
vls:16 december
war:Disyembre 16
zh-yue:12月16號
bat-smg:Groudė 16
zh:12月16日
