Chojnice

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Chojnice
Image:Poland Chojnice - town hall.jpg
Town Hall
Image:POL Chojnice COA.svg
Coat of arms
Coordinates: 53°42′N 17°33′E / 53.7, 17.55
Country Poland
Voivodeship Pomeranian
Powiat Chojnice County
Gmina Chojnice
Established 11th century
City Rights 1325
Government
 - Mayor Arseniusz Finster
Area
 - Total 21.05 km² (8.1 sq mi)
Population (2004)
 - Total 39,670
 - Density 1,884.6/km² (4,881.1/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 89-600, 89-604, 89-620
Area code(s) +48 52
Car Plates GCH
Website: miasto.chojnice.pl
Image:Chojnice Fontanna.jpg
Chojnice
Image:Poland Chojnice - Czluchowska Gate.jpg
Brama Człuchowska (Człuchów Gate) in Chojnice

Chojnice (Kashubian/Pomeranian: Chònice, German: Konitz) is a town in northern Poland with 39 670 inhabitants (2004), near famous Tuchola Forest, Lake Charzykowskie and many other water reservoirs. It is the capital of the Chojnice County.

Chojnice is situated in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (since 1999 and before 1975). It was in Bydgoszcz Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998.

In the German language, it has traditionally been known as Conitz or Konitz. This name may be falling into disuse over time, though it can still be found in current use in Germany in some cases.

Contents

[edit] Education

[edit] Population

Population
Date Number of inhabitants
1901 10,700
1921 10,400
1933 14,300
1948 12,400
1960 19,600
1970 23,500
1980 32,000
1990 37,700
2000 40,600
2004 39,670

The population of Chojnice has increased generally since 1901. However, events in history such as World War I and World War II has reduced the town's population. This is evident in the 1921 census where the population was reduced by 300 due to the men being sent to the WW I and in 1920 to Poland's war against Russia. Many of them being killed, while some ethnic Germans were leaving the town after WW I.

Again, it is evident in the 1948 census where the population was reduced by 1,900 people due to the ethnic Germans fled or being expelled while parts of the Polish population was forced to work in Germany or was forced to leave town during Nazi rule.

A census has been conducted every decade since 1948 and results show that the population has increased, however the increase has slowed since 1980. The reasons for this are unknown. The next census for the town is scheduled for 2010.

[edit] History

Part of Eastern Pomerania, Teutonic Order, Royal Prussia, later Prussian Province of West Prussia. The center of the Kashub movement.

Duchy of Pomerelia or Eastern Pomerania (German: Pommerellen)

Around 1230 - Konitz founded by Hermann von Balk († 1239), knight of the Teutonic Order 1275 – first notice of Chojnice / Konitz in documents

Teutonic Order 1309 - 1466

1309 – German Teutonic Order rule: Eastern Pomerania (often known as Pomerelia), became much absorbed into the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights 1340 - 1360 church Hl. Johannes Täufer; 14th century walls and 22 towers being erected by the Teutonic Order 1410 – Polish army occupies the town but has to return it to the Order according to the Treaty of Thorn 1417-1436 Konitz becomes an important centre for textile production 18.09.1454 – Polish army of King Kazimierz Jagiellończyk looses the battle of Konitz (see Battle of Konitz) 28.09.1466 – Teutonic Order has to surrender Konitz to the Polish army, after three month siege

Poland 1466 - 1772 (Royal Prussia)

19.10.1466 Konitz being annexed by Poland according to the 2nd Treaty of Thorn 1555 – city council accepts reformation officially, the protestenats take over the church, the Roman-catholic priest Jan Siński dies in the following turmoil 1620 – the jesuits fight the reformation movement 10.04.1627 - town burns 18.12.1657 - town burns 1655 - 1660 war against Sweden, see Battle of Chojnice (1656) 1700 - 1721 war 15.04.1742 - town burns third time

Prussia 1772 - 1871

12.09.1772 – Konitz becomes Prussian / First partition of Poland 1864 - telegraph to Stettin (Szczecin)

German Empire 1871- 1920 (Province of West Prussia)

15.11.1871 – railway to Schneidemühl (Piła) 1870 – Gas power plant 1873 - railway to Dirschau (Tczew) 1877 – railway to Stettin 1886 – hospital 1894 – railway to Nakel (Nakło) 1900 – water supply system and electricity power plant 1902 – railway to Berent (Kościerzyna) 1909 – used water system 1912 – ,,Gazeta Chojnicka" first Polish Newspaper in town

Poland 1920-1939

31.01.1920 – Polish troops conquer the town, town being renamed Chojnice 06.08.1932 – regional museum Chojnice

Third Reich 1939 - 1945 (Reichsgau Westpreußen)

01.09.1939 – 4.45 o´clock German Wehrmacht occupies Chojnice, town renamed Konitz (see Battle of Chojnice (1939)) 15.09.1939 – execution of three Poles in the city forest (Stadtwald), followed by executions of around 500 more in October and November

Poland 1945

14.02.1945 – Red Army occupies the town, 800 soldiers die, town centre heavily damaged (45%). reconstruction by Polish authorities follows. 11.07.1959 – first regular bus service after WW II 01.10.1989 – catholic church "Mother of God Queen of Poland" 2002 – new J.-K.-Łukowicz-hospital 29.08.2002 - John the Baptist becomes patron of the city of Chojnice 13.10.2003 - new catholic church "Mary of Fatima"

[edit] People

[edit] See also

[edit] Twin towns

Emsdetten, Bad Bevensen, Bayeux, Waalwijk, Mazyr, Korsuń Szewczenkowski

[edit] References

[edit] External links

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Chojnice

Coordinates: 53°42′N, 17°34′Ede:Chojnice es:Chojnice eo:Chojnice jv:Chojnice csb:Chònice nl:Chojnice pl:Chojnice ro:Chojnice ru:Хойнице sr:Хојњице sv:Chojnice

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