Carmen Contreras-Bozak

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Carmen Contreras-Bozak
born December 31, 1919
Image:Carmen Bozak.jpg
Tech4 Carmen Contreras-Bozak
Place of birth Image:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg Cayey, Puerto Rico
Allegiance U.S. Women's Army Corps
Years of service 1942-1945
Rank Image:Tech4.jpg
Tech4
Unit 149th WAAC Post Headquarters Company
Battles/wars World War II
Awards European-African Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with 2 Battle Stars
Other work Founder chapter of WAC Vets
Founder chapter of the Society of Military Widows
Tech4 Carmen Contreras-Bozak (born December 31, 1919 in Cayey, Puerto Rico) was the first Hispanic to serve in the U.S. Women's Army Corps as an interpreter and in numerous administrative positions.

Contents

[edit] Biography

Born Carmen Contreras in 1919, she was the oldest of three siblings. She was raised in the town of Cayey, located in the central mountains of the island, where she attended elementary school.

Her mother, Lila Baudilia Lugo Torres, moved the family to New York City in search of a better way of life. In New York, Contreras attended Julia Richman High School and upon graduating went to work for the National Youth Administration. After taking and passing a Civil Service test, Contreras went to work for the War Department in Washington, D.C. as a payroll clerk.

During this period, the Army was looking for bilingual Hispanic women to fill assignments in fields such as cryptology, communications and interpretation. In 1942, Contreras joined the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) and was sent to Fort Lee, Virginia for training. Contreras volunteered to be part of the 149th WAAC Post Headquarters Company the first to go overseas, setting sail from New York Harbor for Europe on January 1943.

[edit] World War II

The Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) was established during World War II on 15 May 1942, "for the purpose of making available to the national defense the knowledge, skill, and special training of the women of the nation."

The unit arrived in Northern Africa on January 27, 1943 and rendered overseas duties in Algiers within General Dwight D. Eisenhower’s theatre headquarters. The women who served abroad were not treated like the regular Army servicemen. They did not receive overseas payment nor could they receive government life insurance. These women had no protection if they became ill, wounded or captured. If captured, the women were considered as "auxiliaries" serving with the Army rather than in it, did not have the same protections under international law as the male soldiers. These were factors which the Army took into consideration when they decided to integrate the Women’s Corps into the regular Army.

Contreras was promoted to the rank of Tech 4 (Technical Sergeant), which in the today's Army would equal the rank of Sergeant (E-4). Her responsibilities included the transmission of encoded messages to the battlefield.

On July 3, 1943, the WAC bill, which established the Women’s Army Corps as integral part of the Army of the United States, was signed into law (Public Law 78-110) becoming effective on September 1, 1943.

After returning home, Contreras entered Valley Forge General Hospital on July 1945, for treatment of an eye infection which she had contracted in Algiers. There she met Theodore Bozak, a patient who would become her husband.

Carmen Contreras-Bozak and Theodore Bozak had three children, two sons, Brian and Robert, and a daughter, Carmen.

[edit] Postscript

Contreras-Bozak currently lives in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. There she started a chapter of WAC Vets and in 1998 founded a chapter of the Society of Military Widows.

Approximately 200 Puerto Rican women served in the Women’s Army Corps during World War II.

[edit] Medals Awarded

[edit] See also

United States Army Portal
Puerto Rico Portal

[edit] External links

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