British one pound coin

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The circulating British one pound (£1) coin is minted from a nickel-brass alloy of approximately 70% copper, 24.5% zinc, and 5.5% nickel. The coin weighs 9.50 grams (0.34 oz) and has a diameter of 22.50 millimetres (0.89 in.).

The coin was introduced on 21 April 1983 to replace the Bank of England one pound note, which ceased to be issued at the end of 1984 and was removed from circulation (though still redeemable at the Bank's offices) on 11 March 1988. One pound notes are still issued in Jersey, Guernsey and by the Royal Bank of Scotland, but the pound coin is much more widely used. It was given the nickname "round pound" on introduction, although this term did not remain in common use.

Contents 1 Designs 2 Counterfeiting 3 Further reading 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

[edit] Designs

The £1 coin has the standard obverse designs used on all contemporary British coins, namely the effigy of Queen Elizabeth II by Arnold Machin in 1983 and 1984, by Raphael Maklouf between 1985 and 1997, and by Ian Rank-Broadley since 1998. All have had the inscription ELIZABETH II D G REG F D date.

An interesting feature of this denomination is that the design of the reverse of the coin changes each year to show, in turn, an emblem representing the UK, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and England, together with an appropriate edge inscription. The inscription ONE POUND appears at the bottom of all reverse designs.

The reverse designs are as follows.

Image:NewPoundCoin.jpeg	1983: Ornamental royal arms. Edge inscription: DECUS ET TUTAMEN ("An ornament and a safeguard" – originally on 17th century coins, this refers to the inscribed edge as a protection against the clipping of precious metal).
Image:Uk pound coin thistle.jpg	1984: Thistle sprig in a coronet, representing Scotland. Edge inscription: NEMO ME IMPUNE LACESSIT ("No-one provokes me with impunity" – the Latin motto of the Order of the Thistle).
Image:Uk1pnd1985.jpg	1985. Leek in a coronet, representing Wales. Edge inscription: PLEIDIOL WYF I'M GWLAD ("True am I to my country" – from the chorus of the Welsh National Anthem).
Image:5FlaxPlant.png	1986: Flax in a coronet, representing Northern Ireland. Edge inscription: DECUS ET TUTAMEN.
Image:Uk pound coin oak tree.jpg	1987: Oak tree in a coronet, representing England. Edge inscription: DECUS ET TUTAMEN.
Image:2RoyalShield.png	1988: Crown over shield. Edge inscription: DECUS ET TUTAMEN.
	1989: As 1984. 1990: As 1985. 1991: As 1986. 1992: As 1987. 1993: As 1983.
Image:7LionRampant.png	1994: Lion Rampant within a double tressure flory counter-flory, representing Scotland. Edge inscription: NEMO ME IMPUNE LACESSIT.
Image:Uk1pnd2000.jpg	1995: Welsh dragon. Edge inscription: PLEIDIOL WYF I'M GWLAD.
Image:Uk pound coin celtic cross.jpg	1996: Celtic cross and pimpernel, representing Northern Ireland. Edge inscription: DECUS ET TUTAMEN.
Image:Uk pound coin lions passant.jpg	1997: Three lions passant guardant, representing England. Edge inscription: DECUS ET TUTAMEN.
	1998: As 1983. Issued in collectors' sets only, not for circulation. 1999: As 1994. Issued in collectors' sets only, not for circulation. 2000: As 1995. 2001: As 1996. 2002: As 1997. 2003: As 1983.
Image:1pound-forth bridge2004-reverse.jpg	2004: Forth Bridge (Scotland). Obverse: Rank-Broadley head, inscription ELIZABETH II D G REG F D 2004, starting below, IRB directly under the bust. Encircled by dots. Reverse: Forth Rail Bridge, ONE POUND below. Encircled by a railway line. Edge: Two overlapping lines, one curved and one angular, reminiscent of the shape of the bridge.
Image:Uk one pound menai bridge.jpg	2005: Menai Suspension Bridge (Wales). Obverse: Rank-Broadley head, inscription ELIZABETH II D G REG F D 2005, starting below, IRB directly under the bust. Encircled by dots. Reverse: Menai Suspension Bridge, ONE POUND below. Encircled by a truss. Edge: Two overlapping lines, one curved and one angular.
Image:One Pound.jpg	2006: MacNeill's Egyptian Arch at Newry (Belfast–Dublin railway line, Northern Ireland). Obverse: Rank-Broadley head, inscription ELIZABETH II D G REG F D 2006, starting below, IRB directly under the bust. Encircled by dots. Reverse: MacNeill's Egyptian Arch, ONE POUND below. Encircled by a truss. Edge: Two overlapping lines, one curved and one angular.
Image:2007£1.jpg	2007: Millennium Bridge, Newcastle/Gateshead (England). Obverse: Rank-Broadley head, inscription ELIZABETH II D G REG F D 2007, starting below, IRB directly under the bust. Encircled by dots. Reverse: Millennium Bridge, ONE POUND below. Encircled by a truss. Edge: Two overlapping lines, one curved and one angular.

All years except 1998 and 1999 have been seen in circulation, although the number issued has varied enormously – 1983 and 1984 in particular had large mintages to facilitate the changeover from paper notes, while some years such as 1986 and 1988 are only rarely seen (although 1988 is more noticeable as it has a unique reverse). Production since 1997 has been reduced, thanks to the introduction of the circulating two pound coin.

[edit] Counterfeiting

It is a very common misconception that all fake pound coins are made of lead; this is far from true as most are made of copper. A Royal Mint survey in 2006 revealed 1.7% of £1 coins in circulation are counterfeit - nearly twice as many as earlier estimates^[1][2]. One common method of detecting counterfeits (if the sound of the coin on a table or the colour of the metal doesn't indicate something suspicious) is to check whether the reverse matches the edge inscription for the alleged year – it is extremely common for counterfeiters to get this wrong, Also the writing on the edge may be the wrong font and look very poor (see image) also they often will look much less sharp and defined, lacking in intricate details.

[edit] Further reading

In an April 1993 The New Yorker article 'Britannia's New Bra Size', Julian Barnes describes the meetings to choose the 1994–1997 reverse designs. This is reprinted in his book 'Letters from London'.

[edit] See also

• Pound sterling
• Banknotes of the pound sterling
• Coins of the pound sterling

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Royal Mint – £1 coin
• Coins of the UK - Decimal £1 coin
• Counterfeit £1 coin examples

v • d • e British coinage
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Commemorative and bullion	Twenty-five pence · Five pounds · Maundy money · Half sovereign · Sovereign · Britannia
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See also	Pound sterling · Coins of the pound sterling · Scottish coinage · Coins of Ireland