Battle of Pancorbo

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Battle of Pancorbo
Part of the Peninsular War
Date October 31, 1808 Location Durango, Spain Result Indecisive
Combatants
Image:Flag of France.svg First French Empire	Image:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Kingdom of Spain
Commanders
François Joseph Lefebvre	Joaquín Blake
Strength
24,000	19,000
Casualties
300 dead or wounded	600 dead or wounded

v • d • e Peninsular War Napoleon's Campaign, 1808–1809
Pancorbo – Valmaseda – Burgos – Rosas – Espinosa – Tudela – Somosierra – Cardadeu – Sahagún – Saragossa – Castellón – Corunna

The Battle of Pancorbo was one of the opening engagements in Napoleon's invasion of Spain.

[edit] Background

On October 31, 1808, Marshal Lefebvre bloodied the Army of Galicia under Lieutenant General Joaquín Blake but failed to encircle or destroy it, upsetting both the Emperor and the French strategic situation.

Under Napoleon's guidance, the French had made meticulous preparations to annihilate Blake's position and thereby crush the left wing of the Spanish front that stretched from Cantabria to the Mediterranean Sea. Owing to friction with the Spanish authorities and a lack of coordination by the Central Junta, Blake, for his part, had no confidence in the Spanish deployment and could do little but conduct a cautious advance in the direction of Bilbao.

On October 31, Lefebvre disobeyed Napoleon's orders and launched his IV Corps into a premature attack against Blake at Pancorbo. Blake was deeply disturbed by the appearance of French forces and took immediate measures to withdraw his troops and guns. The Spanish infantry, fighting without artillery support, was swiftly thrown back but escaped in good order.

[edit] Casualties

Lefebvre lost 300 casualties and Blake 600. Although the French had managed something of a tactical victory, the battle was a definite strategic blunder: Blake escaped the French trap and conducted a crafty withdrawal, checked his pursuers at Valmaceda, and was not caught until November 10. Ultimately, however, the overwhelming strength of Napoleon's Grande Armée allowed the French to sweep past the tottering Spanish defences and capture Madrid by year's end.fr:Bataille de Durango