Alfonso IX of León
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Alfonso IX of Leon (August 15, 1171 – September 23 or 24, 1230), first cousin of Alfonso VIII of Castile and numbered next to him as being a junior member of the family, was the king of León from the death of his father Ferdinand II in 1188 until his own death. According to Ibn Khaldun, he is said to have been called the Baboso or Slobberer because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth.
Alfonso was the only son of King Ferdinand II of León and Urraca of Portugal. Though he took a part in the work of the reconquest, this king is chiefly remembered for the difficulties into which his successive marriages led him with the Pope. He was first married in 1191 to his cousin Teresa of Portugal, who bore him two daughters, and a son who died young.
The marriage was declared null by the Pope; however, Alfonso paid no attention until he was presumably tired of his wife. His next step was to marry his second cousin, Berenguela of Castile, in 1197. For this act of contumacy, the king and the kingdom were placed under interdict.
The Pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that, if the people could not obtain the services of religion, they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy. Berenguela left him after the birth of five children, and the king then returned to Teresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom in his will.
Alfonso's children by Teresa of Portugal were:
His eldest daughter, Sancha, was engaged to her cousin King Henry I of Castile, but Henry died in 1217 before the marriage could be solemnized. Wanting to disinherit his eldest son, Fernando, King Alfonso invited John of Brienne to marry his daughter Sancha and thus inherit the Leonese throne. However, Queen Berenguela convinced John of Brienne to marry one of her daughters instead. Though she was the nominal heiress on her father's death in 1230, Sancha was easily set aside by Berenguela and Fernando. Sancha became a nun at Cozollos, where she died in 1270; she was later beatified. Her sister Dulce-Aldonza spent her life with their mother in Portugal.
Alfonso's children by Berenguela of Castile were:
- Leonor (1198/99-October 31, 1210)
- King Fernando III (1200-1252)
- Alfonso, Lord of Molina (1203-1272)
- Berenguela (1204-1237), married John of Brienne
- Constanza (1205-September 7, 1242), became a nun at Las Huelgas
Alfonso also fathered many illegitimate children:
Alfonso's children by Teresa Gil de Soverosa (daughter of Gil Vasques de Soverosa & Maria Aires de Fornelos):
- Martim Alfonso of Leon c.1210
- Maria Alfonso of Leon c.1190
- Sancha of Leon c.1210
- Urraca Alfonso of Leon c.1210
Alfonso's children by Aldonça Martins da Silva (daughter of Martim Gomes da Silva & Urraca Rodrigues and wife of Diogo Froilaz, Conde de Cifuentes, with issue):
- Pedro Alfonso of Leon, Lord of Tenorio c.1200
- Rodrigo Alfonso of Leon, Lord of Aliger c.1200
- Alfonso of Leon (died young)
- Fernando of Leon (died young)
- Aldonza Alonso of Leon c.1215
- Teresa Alfonso of Leon c.1210
Alfonso's children by Inés Iñíguez de Mendoza (daughter of Lope Iñíguez, 1st Lord of Mendoza & Teresa Ximenez de los Cameros):
- Urraca Alfonso of Leon c.1190
Alfonso's children by an unknown woman:
[edit] References
- Florez, Enrique. Reinas Catolicas, 1761
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition article "Alphonso IX", a publication now in the public domain.
- Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines 114-27, 114-28
| Preceded by Ferdinand II | King of Leon 1188–1230 | Succeeded by Ferdinand III |
ca:Alfons IX de Lleó de:Alfons IX. (León) es:Alfonso IX de León fr:Alphonse IX de León gl:Afonso IX hu:IX. Alfonz leóni király it:Alfonso IX di León nl:Alfons IX van León pt:Afonso IX de Leão sv:Alfons IX av León zh:阿方索九世 (莱昂)
