AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)
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AFI’s 100 Years...100 Movies — 10th Anniversary Edition was the 2007 updated version of 100 Years… 100 Movies. The original list was first unveiled in 1998.
Announced on January 18, 2007, this 10th installment of the American Film Institute's (AFI) Emmy Award-winning AFI 100 Years... series counted down the 100 greatest American movies of all time in a three-hour television event. Aired June 20, 2007 on CBS, it was hosted by Academy Award-winning actor Morgan Freeman. The program considered classic favorites and newly eligible films released from 1996 to 2006. AFI will undertake broadcasting a program like this every 10 years to mark changing cultural perspectives.
AFI distributed a ballot with 400 nominated movies to a jury of over 1,500 leaders from the creative community, including film artists (directors, screenwriters, actors, editors, cinematographers), critics and historians.
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[edit] Criteria
AFI asks jurors to consider the following criteria in their selection process:
- Feature-length: Narrative format typically over 60 minutes in length.
- American film: English language, with significant creative and/or financial production elements from the United States.
- Critical Recognition: Formal commendation in print, television, and digital media.
- Major Award Winner: Recognition from competitive events including awards from peer groups, critics, guilds and major film festivals.
- Popularity Over Time: This includes success at the box office, television and cable airings, and DVD/VHS sales and rentals.
- Historical Significance: A film's mark on the history of the moving image through visionary narrative devices, technical innovation or other groundbreaking achievements.
- Cultural Impact: A film's mark on American society in matters of style and substance.
[edit] The List
[edit] Changes from the previous list
- Twenty-three films from 1998's list were replaced:
- All Quiet on the Western Front (1930) (54)
- Amadeus (1984) (53)
- An American in Paris (1951) (68)
- The Birth of a Nation (1915) (44)
- Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977) (64)
- Dances with Wolves (1990) (75)
- Doctor Zhivago (1965) (39)
- Fantasia (1940) (58)
- Fargo (1996) (84)
- Frankenstein (1931) (87)
- From Here to Eternity (1953) (52)
- Giant (1956) (82)
- Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967) (99)
- The Jazz Singer (1927) (90)
- The Manchurian Candidate (1962) (67)
- Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) (86)
- My Fair Lady (1964) (91)
- Patton (1970) (89)
- A Place in the Sun (1951) (92)
- Rebel Without a Cause (1955) (59)
- Stagecoach (1939) (63)
- The Third Man (1949) (57)
- Wuthering Heights (1939) (73)
[edit] 1998 List And 2007 List Comparison
- Of the films that remained on the list, 36 improved their ranking and 38 saw their ranking decline.
- Three films maintained the same positions as ten years ago: Citizen Kane, The Godfather Part II and The Best Years of Our Lives.
- The oldest film to be dropped was D.W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation (1915), from #44. Coincidentally, the oldest film to be added to the new list was Griffith's Intolerance (1916), ranked at #49.
- The highest-ranking film that fell from the previous list was Doctor Zhivago (1965), from #39; the highest-ranking debut on the new list was The General (1927), at #18.
- The films that improved their standings by the most dramatic leaps were The Searchers (+84), City Lights (+65), Vertigo (+52), Unforgiven (+30), and The Deer Hunter (+26).
- The African Queen suffered the largest rankings tumble, dropping 48 slots to #65.
- Raging Bull (#4) and Vertigo (#9) made their Top 10 debuts in the new list, ousting The Graduate (formerly #7) and On the Waterfront (formerly #8).
- Two pairs of films switched each other in rank: North by Northwest and The Sound of Music (fifteen positions between #40 and #55); and Casablanca and The Godfather (one position between #2 and #3).
- Duck Soup, featuring the Marx Brothers and Margaret Dumont, was replaced at #85 by another film starring the Marx Brothers and Margaret Dumont -- A Night at the Opera. Duck Soup itself remained on the list, moving up 25 positions to #60.
- Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (#99) was replaced by another Sidney Poitier film, In the Heat of the Night, at #75.
- 73 of the films were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, and 30 won the award, including Sunrise (1927) which won the Academy Award for Unique and Artistic Production (a now defunct category that was given only in the first ceremony). The Original list has 75 Academy Awards Best Picture nominees and 33 winners.
- 8 of the top 10 films were nominated for Academy Award for Best Picture, of which 5 won the award. In the original list, 9 out of the top 10 were Best Picture nominees, and 6 were winners.
[edit] List breakdown
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- Steven Spielberg is the most represented director with five films: E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Jaws, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Saving Private Ryan and Schindler's List. Spielberg was the most represented director on AFI’s original list—also with five films. Close Encounters of the Third Kind was replaced by Saving Private Ryan as the fifth entry. Directors Alfred Hitchcock and Billy Wilder each have four films on the list. Frank Capra, Charles Chaplin, Francis Ford Coppola, John Huston, Stanley Kubrick and Martin Scorsese each have three.
- Robert De Niro and James Stewart are the most represented actors with five films each. Faye Dunaway, Katharine Hepburn and Diane Keaton are the most represented actresses with three films each.
- Robert Duvall appears in six of the represented films, but all of them in varying degrees of support. The films are To Kill a Mockingbird, MASH, The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, Network, and Apocalypse Now.
- The 1970s is the most represented decade with 20 entries.
- Three years tie for most represented year, each with four films: 1982 (E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Tootsie, Blade Runner, Sophie's Choice); 1976 (Network, Taxi Driver, Rocky, All the President's Men); 1969 (Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, Midnight Cowboy, Easy Rider, The Wild Bunch).
- The earliest film represented is Intolerance (1916) and the most recent is The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001).
- Six silent films are featured on the list—and three are new additions: The General (#18), Intolerance (#49) and Sunrise (#82). Charles Chaplin's City Lights, The Gold Rush, and Modern Times round out the list at #11, #58, and #78, respectively.
- Of the films released between 1997-2006, four were added to AFI list: The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (#50), Saving Private Ryan (#71), Titanic (#83), and The Sixth Sense (#89); of these, only The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is from the 2000s.
- Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (#34), and Toy Story (#99) represent the only two animated films on the list.
- There are six musicals on the list: Cabaret, Singin' in the Rain, The Sound of Music, Swing Time, West Side Story, and The Wizard of Oz.
- There are also six westerns on the list: The Searchers (#12), High Noon (#27), Shane (#45), Unforgiven (#68), Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (#73), and The Wild Bunch (#79).
- Star Wars (#13), 2001: A Space Odyssey (#15), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (#24), A Clockwork Orange (#70), and Blade Runner (#97) round out the five science-fiction films on the list.
- The eighteen comedies on the list are as follows: City Lights (#11), The Graduate (#17), The General (#18), Some Like It Hot (#22), Annie Hall (#36), Dr. Strangelove (#39), The Philadelphia Story (#44), It Happened One Night (#46), M*A*S*H (#54), The Gold Rush (#58), Duck Soup (#60), Sullivan's Travels (#61), American Graffiti (#62), Tootsie (#69), Modern Times (#78), The Apartment (#80), A Night at the Opera (#85), Bringing Up Baby (#88).
[edit] About the 400 nominees
- Henry Fonda and James Stewart were the most represented male actors, with 10 films. Cary Grant had nine, while Robert De Niro and Jack Nicholson had eight.
- Katharine Hepburn was the top actress, with seven films. Lillian Gish and Bette Davis each had five.
- 1939 and 1942 were represented by 11 films each.
- Alfred Hitchcock and William Wyler directed 10 films each. Steven Spielberg and Howard Hawks are next, with eight films each, with Billy Wilder and George Stevens following with seven.
- Ernest Lehman was the screenwriter for six films.
- The ballot included entries that range from D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation and Cecil B. DeMille’s The Cheat from 1915, to Crash, Brokeback Mountain, and Good Night, and Good Luck., all from 2005.
- About 10 percent of the ballot (43 films) came from the last 10 years, and newly eligible since the original AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies.
[edit] References
- AFI website
- news release
- AFI's official PDF of the 1998 and 2007 rankings (registration required)
- AFI's 400-title ballot (registration required)
- Interesting facts about the list
- Movie blogger sophomorecritic's interview with a representative from the AFIfr:Top 100 de l'American Film Institute
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