3rd century

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Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	2nd century · 3rd century · 4th century
Decades:	200s 210s 220s 230s 240s 250s 260s 270s 280s 290s
Categories:	Births - Deaths Establishments - Disestablishments

The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era.

Contents 1 Overview 2 Events 3 Significant persons 4 Inventions, discoveries, introductions 5 Decades and years

[edit] Overview

After the death of Commodus in the previous century the Roman Empire was plunged into a civil war. When the dust settled, Septimius Severus emerged as emperor, establishing the Severan dynasty. Unlike previous emperors, he openly used the army to back his authority, and paid them well to do so. The regime he created is known as the Military Monarchy as a result. The system fell apart in the 230s, giving way to a fifty-year period known as the Military Anarchy or the Crisis of the 3rd Century, where no fewer than twenty emperors held the reins of power, most for only a few months. The majority of these men were assassinated, or killed in battle, and the empire almost collapsed under the weight of the political upheaval, as well as the growing Persian threat in the east. Under its new Sassanid rulers, Persia had grown into a rival superpower, and the Romans would have to make drastic reforms in order to better prepare their state for a confrontation. These reforms were finally realized late in the century under the reign of Diocletian, one of them being to divide the empire into an eastern and western half, and have a separate ruler for each.

[edit] Events

• 208: the Chinese naval Battle of Red Cliffs occurs
• 212: Constitutio Antoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men
• 212–216: Baths of Caracalla
• 220: The Han Dynasty comes to an end with establish of the Wei Dynasty.
• 230–232: Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east
• 235–284: Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire
• 250–538: Kofun era, the first part of the Yamato period in Japan
• 258: Valerian's Massacre of Christians
• 260: Roman Emperor Valerian I is taken captive by Shapur I of Persia
• 184–280: Period of the Three Kingdoms in China
• 280–420: Jin Dynasty (265-420) of China
• Sarnath becomes a center of Buddhist arts in India
• Diffusion of maize as a food crop from Mexico into North America begins
• The Kingdom of Funan reaches its zenith under the rule of Fan Shih-man
• The Goths move from Gothiscandza to Ukraine and she the Chernyakhov culture

[edit] Significant persons

• Clement of Alexandria
• Diocletian, Roman emperor
• Diophantus of Alexandria, wrote Arithmetica
• Hippolytus, considered first Antipope
• Liu Hui, Chinese mathematician
• Mani (prophet), founder of Manichaeism
• Origen
• Pappus of Alexandria, Greek mathematician
• Plotinus, founder of Neoplatonism
• Tertullian, sometimes called father of Latin church
• Wang Pi, Taoist
• M. Sattonius Iucundus, restorer of the Thermae in Heerlen
• Zhuge Liang, known as the greatest strategist during the period of the Three Kingdoms
• Liu Bei, founding emperor of the Kingdom of Shu
• Cao Cao, founding emperor of the Kingdom of Wei

[edit] Inventions, discoveries, introductions

• A primitive form of glasses were developed for a nearsighted princess in Syria.
• The South Pointing Chariot invented by Ma Jun, a wheeled mechanical device that acts as a directional compass

[edit] Decades and years

v • d • e Decades and Years

3rd century 1st century←2nd century← ↔ →4th century→5th century 190s 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200s 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210s 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220s 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230s 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240s 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250s 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260s 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270s 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280s 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290s 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300s 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309

v • d • e Centuries and millennia

Millennium Century Before Christ / Before Common Era (BC/BCE) 4th 40th 39th 38th 37th 36th 35th 34th 33rd 32nd 31st 3rd 30th 29th 28th 27th 26th 25th 24th 23rd 22nd 21st 2nd 20th 19th 18th 17th 16th 15th 14th 13th 12th 11th 1st 10th 9th 8th 7th 6th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st Anno Domini / Common Era (AD/CE) 1st 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 2nd 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 3rd 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 4th 31st

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