1920 Summer Olympics
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| Games of the VII Olympiad | |
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| Host city | Antwerp, Belgium |
| Nations participating | 29 |
| Athletes participating | 2,626 (2,561 men, 65 women) |
| Events | 154 in 22 sports |
| Opening ceremony | April 20 |
| Closing ceremony | September 12 |
| Officially opened by | Albert I of Belgium |
| Athlete's Oath | Victor Boin |
| Stadium | Olympisch Stadion |
The 1920 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VII Olympiad, were held in 1920 in Antwerp, Belgium. The 1920 Games were awarded to Antwerp to honor the suffering that had been inflicted on the Belgian people during the war.[1]
The 1916 Summer Olympics, to be held in the German Empire capital Berlin had been canceled. The Aftermath of World War I and the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 affected the Olympic Games not only due to new states being created, but also by sanctions against the nations that lost the war and were blamed for starting it.
Budapest had initially won to host the Games over Amsterdam and Lyon, but as the Austro-Hungarian Empire had been a German ally in the First World War, the Games were transferred in April 1919. Hungary, Germany, Austria, Bulgaria and Turkey were also banned from the Games. Germany remained banned until 1925, and instead hosted a series of games called Deutsche Kampfspiele, starting with the Winter edition of 1922 (that predated the first Winter Olympics).
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[edit] Highlights
- These Olympics were the first in which the Olympic Oath was uttered, the first in which doves were released to symbolize peace, and was the first time the Olympic Flag was flown.
- The USA won 41 Gold, 27 Silver, and 27 Bronze medals, the most won by any of the 29 nations attending. Sweden, Great Britain, Finland and Belgium round out the top 5 medal winning nations.
- The Games also featured a week of winter sports, with figure skating and ice hockey making their Olympic debut.
- Duke Kahanamoku retained the 100 m swimming title he won before the war.
- Nedo Nadi won 5 gold medals in the fencing events.
- At the age of 72, Sweden's running deer double-shot event champion Oscar Swahn won in the team event to become the oldest Olympic champion ever.
- 23 year old Paavo Nurmi won the 10,000 m and 8,000 m cross country, took another gold in team cross country, and a silver in 5,000 m run. His contributions for Finland broke the U.S. dominance record in track and field with 9 medals.
[edit] Medals awarded
[edit] Demonstration sport
[edit] Participating nations
A total of 29 nations participated in the Antwerp Games, only one more than in 1912, with Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey not invited. From the newly created European states, only Estonia took part, and Czechoslovakia, succeeding Bohemia which had sent athletes prior to World War I as part of the Austrian Empire. Yugoslavia, Brazil, Monaco competed as nations at the Olympic Games for the first time. New Zealand, which had competed as part of a combined team with Australia in 1908 and 1912, competed on its own for the first time.
[edit] Medal count
These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1920 Games.
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Image:US flag 48 stars.svg United States | 41 | 27 | 27 | 95 |
| 2 | Image:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden | 19 | 20 | 25 | 64 |
| 3 | Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Great Britain | 15 | 15 | 13 | 43 |
| 4 | Image:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | 15 | 10 | 9 | 34 |
| 5 | Image:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium (host nation) | 14 | 11 | 11 | 36 |
| 6 | Image:Flag of Norway.svg Norway | 13 | 9 | 9 | 31 |
| 7 | Image:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Italy | 13 | 5 | 5 | 23 |
| 8 | Image:Flag of France.svg France | 9 | 19 | 13 | 41 |
| 9 | Image:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands | 4 | 2 | 5 | 11 |
| 10 | Image:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | 3 | 9 | 1 | 13 |
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
| Preceded by Berlin | Summer Olympic Games Host City VII Olympiad (1920) | Succeeded by Paris |
Olympic Games | |
|---|---|
| Sports • Medal counts • NOCs Medalists • Symbols | |
| Summer Games | 1896 • 1900 • 1904 • 19061 • 1908 • 1912 • (1916)2 • 1920 • 1924 • 1928 • 1932 • 1936 • (1940)2 • (1944)2,3 • 1948 • 1952 • 1956 • 1960 • 1964 • 1968 • 1972 • 1976 • 1980 • 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1996 • 2000 • 2004 • 2008 • 2012 • 2016 • 2020 • 2024 • 2028 |
| Winter Games | 1924 • 1928 • 1932 • 1936 • (1940)2 • (1944)2 • 1948 • 1952 • 1956 • 1960 • 1964 • 1968 • 1972 • 1976 • 1980 • 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1994 • 1998 • 2002 • 2006 • 2010 • 2014 • 2018 • 2022 |
| Summer Youth Games | 2010 |
| Winter Youth Games | 2012 |
| Athens 2004 • Turin 2006 • Beijing 2008 • Vancouver 2010 • London 2012 • Sochi 2014 | |
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