1561
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| Centuries: | 15th century - 16th century - 17th century |
| Decades: | 1530s 1540s 1550s - 1560s - 1570s 1580s 1590s
|
| Years: | 1558 1559 1560 - 1561 - 1562 1563 1564 |
| 1561 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature - Music - Science |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1561 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Contents |
[edit] Events of 1561
- August 19 - Mary, Queen of Scots is denied passage through England after returning from France. She arrives at Leith, Scotland on August 19.
- October 18 - Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima -- Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts.
[edit] Undated
- The Edict of Orleans suspends the persecution of the Huguenots.
- The first Calvinists settle in England after fleeing Flanders.
- Madrid is declared the capital of Spain by Philip II.
- St. Paul's Cathedral in London is badly damaged by fire and the spire is destroyed after being struck by lightning.
- Ruy López develops modern techniques of chess playing in Spain.
- Sweden conquers Livonia (modern Estonia).
- Michelangelo Buonarroti finishes Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri in Rome.
- Saint Basil's Cathedral in Moscow is finished (started in 1534).
- Pensacola, the first European settlement in North America, and its support fleet were both destroyed by a hurricane. Two survivors managed to walk the long arduous journey to Mexico City. The city was not re-settled until 1698.
- Between 1561 and 1670 3229 witches are executed in southwestern Germany most by burning.
[edit] Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1561 MDLXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2314 |
| Armenian calendar | 1010 ԹՎ ՌԺ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -283 – -282 |
| Berber calendar | 2511 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2105 |
| Burmese calendar | 923 |
| Chinese calendar | 4197/4257-12-16 (庚申年十二月十六日) — to — 4198/4258-11-25(辛酉年十一月廿五日) |
| Coptic calendar | 1277 – 1278 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1553 – 1554 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5321 – 5322 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1616 – 1617 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1483 – 1484 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4662 – 4663 |
| Holocene calendar | 11561 |
| Iranian calendar | 939 – 940 |
| Islamic calendar | 968 – 969 |
| Japanese calendar | Eiroku 4 (永禄4年) |
| - Imperial Year | Kōki 2221 (皇紀2221年) |
| Julian calendar | 1606 |
| Korean calendar | 3894 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2104 |
- January 6 - Thomas Fincke, Danish mathematician and physicist (died 1656)
- January 22 - Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher, scientist, and statesman (died 1626)
- July 11 - Luís de Góngora y Argote, Spanish poet (died 1627)
- July 17 - Jacopo Corsi, Italian composer (died 1602)
- August 20 - Jacopo Peri, Italian composer (died 1633)
- August 24 - Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (died 1626)
- August 25 - Philippe van Lansberge, Dutch astronomer (died 1632)
- September 10 - Hernando Arias de Saavedra, Spanish colonial governor (died 1634)
- September 29 - Adriaan van Roomen, Belgian mathematician (died 1615)
- October 27 - Mary Sidney, English writer, patroness and translator (d. 1621)
- December 7 - Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese politician (d. 1625)
- December 9 - Edwin Sandys, English founder of the colony of Virginia (died 1629)
- date unknown
- John Harington, English writer (died 1612)
- Samuel Harsnett, Archbishop of York (died 1631)
- Stephen Bachiler, non-conformist minister and pioneer settler of New England (died 1656)
- See also Category: 1561 births.
[edit] Deaths
- January 31 - Menno Simons, Anabaptist religious leader (born 1496)
- February 26 - Jorge de Montemayor, Spanish writer (born 1520)
- March 25 - Conrad Lycosthenes, humanist and encyclopedist (born 1518)
- May 16 - Jan Tarnowski, Polish nobleman (born 1488)
- July 19 - Henry Lauder, Lord St Germains, Lord Advocate of Scotland
- September 1 - Edward Waldegrave, English policitian and recusant
- October 27 - Lope de Aguirre, Basque rebel and conquistador (born 1510)
- date unknown
- Luis de Milán, Spanish composer (born 1500)
- Ijuin Tadaaki, Japanese nobleman (born 1520)
- Hans Tausen, Danish reformer (born 1494)
- See also Category: 1561 deaths.
[edit] Literature
- The Book of the Courtier (Il Cortegiano) is translated into English by Sir Thomas Hoby
- Poetices by Julius Caesar Scaliger
- Institution of the Christian Religion is translated into English by Thomas Norton
- Gabriele Fallopius publishes Observationes anatomicae (anatomical observations)af:1561
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